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SILAC Based Proteomic Characterization of Exosomes from HIV-1 Infected Cells
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Exosome Biogenesis and Biological Function in Response to Viral Infections

Brennetta J Crenshaw1, Linlin Gu2, Brian Sims3

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, Microbiology Program, College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL, USA.

The Open Virology Journal
|November 13, 2018
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Exosomes, tiny vesicles involved in cell communication, play a critical role in viral infections by influencing host responses and immunity. This review explores exosome biogenesis, composition, and therapeutic potential in viral pathogenesis.

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Virology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Exosomes are extracellular vesicles involved in intercellular communication, transferring proteins, lipids, and RNAs.
  • Exosomes and viruses share structural and molecular similarities, suggesting a complex interplay.
  • The role of exosomes in viral infections is an emerging area of research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the impact of exosome biogenesis and composition during DNA, RNA, and retroviral infections.
  • To explore the potential of exosomes as therapeutic agents and vaccine vehicles.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on exosome biogenesis and viral infections.
  • Analysis of exosome-host-pathogen interactions.
  • Evaluation of exosome-based therapeutic strategies.

Main Results:

  • Viral hijacking of the exosomal pathway influences host cell responses.
  • Exosomes from infected cells carry viral and host factors, modulating pathogenesis.
  • Exosomes can activate antiviral mechanisms and facilitate intercellular antiviral factor transport.

Conclusions:

  • Exosomes are integral to viral pathogenesis and host antiviral responses.
  • Understanding exosome dynamics in infection is crucial for developing novel therapies.
  • Exosomes hold promise as therapeutic agents and vaccine delivery systems.
Keywords:
BiogenesisDNAExosomeExtracellular vesiclesRNAsViral infection

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