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Enzymatic Reaction Generates Biomimic Nanominerals with Superior Bioactivity
Ying-Ying Jiang1,2, Zi-Fei Zhou2,3, Ying-Jie Zhu1
1State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China.
Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|November 13, 2018
Summary
Researchers created biomimic amorphous calcium phosphate (EACP) nanominerals using an enzyme strategy. These EACP nanominerals promote bone regeneration by enhancing stem cell differentiation and autophagy via an AMPK pathway.
Area of Science:
- Biomineralization
- Biomaterials Science
- Stem Cell Biology
Background:
- In vivo mineralization is crucial for vertebrates, with mitochondrial minerals initiating extracellular processes.
- The precise function of mitochondrial minerals in mineralization remains largely unknown.
- Understanding these mechanisms is key to developing treatments for bone diseases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in mineral formation during biomineralization.
- To develop a biomimetic method for generating amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) nanominerals.
- To evaluate the therapeutic potential of these nanominerals in bone regeneration.
Main Methods:
- An in vitro enzymatic strategy using alkaline phosphatase (ALP) to hydrolyze ATP.
- Generation of enzyme-derived amorphous calcium phosphate (EACP) nanominerals under weakly alkalescent conditions (pH 8.0-8.5).
- Assessment of EACP's effect on human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and bone regeneration in vitro.
Main Results:
- Biomimetic EACP nanominerals were successfully synthesized.
- EACP significantly promoted autophagy and osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs.
- Activation of an AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) related pathway was observed.
- EACP demonstrated high efficacy in promoting bone regeneration.
Conclusions:
- ATP plays a vital role in the formation and stabilization of minerals during biomineralization.
- The developed EACP nanominerals show promise as a therapeutic agent for bone regeneration.
- This study provides a novel strategy for preparing biomimetic minerals for treating bone-related diseases.
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