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Orthodontics and temporomandibular disorders
1Department of Orthodontics, Northwestern University Dental School, Chicago, Illinois.
Dental Clinics of North America
|July 1, 1988
Summary
Traditional orthodontic beliefs linking jaw alignment to temporomandibular disorders are outdated. Current research suggests these disorders are medical orthopedic issues, not primarily related to bite or jaw structure.
Area of Science:
- Orthodontics
- Temporomandibular Joint Disorders
- Musculoskeletal Medicine
Background:
- Traditional orthodontic theory posits a strong link between occlusal disharmonies and temporomandibular disorders (TMD).
- This long-held belief has guided diagnostic and treatment approaches in orthodontics for decades.
Purpose of the Study:
- To critically evaluate the traditional relationship between occlusion and TMD.
- To advocate for a paradigm shift in understanding and managing TMD based on current scientific evidence.
Main Methods:
- Review of current scientific literature on TMD etiology.
- Analysis of research differentiating occlusal factors from orthopedic dysfunction in TMD.
Main Results:
- Emerging research indicates TMD are primarily medical orthopedic conditions.
- Evidence suggests minimal correlation between occlusal morphology/maxillomandibular relationships and TMD development.
- TMD are distinct from issues solely related to dental occlusion.
Conclusions:
- Orthodontists should re-evaluate traditional beliefs regarding occlusion and TMD.
- Adoption of modern concepts of musculoskeletal pain and dysfunction is crucial for effective TMD patient care.
- A shift towards orthopedic principles is necessary for managing temporomandibular disorders.