Oral poliovirus vaccine-induced programmed cell death involves both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways in human

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Sareh Zhand1, Seyed Masoud Hosseini1, Alijan Tabarraei2

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.

Oncolytic Virotherapy
|November 23, 2018
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) shows promise for treating colorectal cancer (CRC) by inducing apoptosis in cancer cells. Further research in animal models is recommended to confirm its therapeutic potential for CRC.

Area of Science:

  • Oncolytic virotherapy
  • Molecular oncology
  • Cancer cell biology

Background:

  • Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide.
  • Replication-competent viruses are being explored for their ability to infect and lyse tumor cells.
  • Oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) is investigated for its potential anti-cancer properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of OPV against human CRC cells.
  • To investigate the mechanism of apoptosis induction by OPV in CRC.
  • To assess the expression of the poliovirus receptor (CD155) in CRC cells.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed CD155 expression using flow cytometry and RT-PCR.
  • Determined OPV cytotoxicity via MTT assay.
  • Quantified apoptosis induction through caspase-8 and caspase-9 assays.
  • Measured poliovirus (PV) propagation using TaqMan PCR.

Main Results:

  • CRC cell lines exhibited significantly higher CD155 expression compared to normal colon cells.
  • OPV demonstrated time- and dose-dependent cytotoxicity against CRC cells.
  • OPV induced apoptosis via both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways, correlating with viral load.

Conclusions:

  • OPV exhibits potential as a clinical treatment for colorectal cancer.
  • Further investigation in animal models (tumor xenografts) is warranted to validate OPV's therapeutic application in CRC.
Keywords:
CD155apoptosiscolorectal cancer cellsoncolytic virotherapyoral poliovirus vaccine

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