Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 2, 2026
Assessing Binocular Central Visual Field and Binocular Eye Movements in a Dichoptic Viewing Condition
Published on: July 21, 2020
Early Detection of Glaucomatous Visual Field Progression Using Pointwise Linear Regression With Binomial Test in the
Shotaro Asano1, Hiroshi Murata1, Masato Matsuura2
1Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Purpose:
We previously reported that it was beneficial to apply binomial pointwise linear regression (PLR) to detect 24-2 glaucomatous visual field (VF) progression, compared to mean deviation (MD) trend analysis and permutation analysis of PLR (PoPLR). The purpose of the current study was to validate the usefulness of the binomial PLR method to detect VF progression in the central 10 degrees in glaucoma patients.
Design:
Reliability assessment.
Methods:
A series of 15 VFs (Humphrey Field Analyzer 10-2 SITA-standard) from 97 eyes in 69 primary open-angle glaucoma patients, obtained over 8.5 ± 1.3 years (mean ± SD), were investigated. PLR was performed by regressing the total deviation of all test points on the series of 15 VFs. VF progression was determined from the analyses of VF test points using the binomial test (1-sided, P < .025). The time needed to detect VF progression was also investigated. The results were compared with PoPLR and MD trend analyses.
Results:
The binomial PLR was comparable to PoPLR and MD trend analyses in the positive predictive value (0.19 to 0.80), the negative predictive value (0.86 to 1.0), and the false positive rate (0.0 to 0.13) to evaluate glaucomatous VF progression. The time needed to detect VF progression (4.2 ± 1.8 years) was significantly shorter with the binomial PLR method compared with PoPLR and MD trend analysis (P = .04, P = .012, respectively).
Conclusions:
The binomial PLR method detected glaucomatous VF progression in the central 10 degrees significantly earlier than PoPLR and MD trend analyses.
Related Concept Videos
01:52Regression Toward the Mean
01:30The Binomial Theorem
01:15Binomial Probability Distribution
The outcomes of a binomial experiment fit a binomial probability distribution. A statistical experiment can be classified as a binomial experiment if the following conditions are met:
There are a fixed number of trials. Think of trials as repetitions of an experiment. The letter n denotes the number of trials.
There are only two possible outcomes,...
01:24One-Degree-of-Freedom System
A one-degree-of-freedom system is defined by an independent variable that determines its state and behavior. One example of a one-degree-of-freedom system is a simple harmonic oscillator, such as a...
01:02Degrees of Freedom
For example, suppose there are three unknown numbers whose mean is 10; although we can freely assign values to the first and second numbers, the value of the last number can not be arbitrarily assigned.
01:02Degrees of Freedom
For example, suppose there are three unknown numbers whose mean is 10; although we can freely assign values to the first and second numbers, the value of the last number can not be arbitrarily...