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Related Concept Videos

Passive Filters01:27

Passive Filters

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Passive filters are utilized to shape the frequency spectrum of signals across a diverse array of applications. These filters, using only passive elements like resistors (R), inductors (L), and capacitors (C), are capable of selectively allowing or blocking certain frequency ranges without the need for external power sources.
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Active versus Passive Immunity01:31

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Immunity, along with the ability to limit pathogen growth to prevent significant body tissue damage, can be gained either by (1) actively developing an immune response within the individual after exposure to a pathogen or after getting vaccinated or (2) passively transferring immune components from an immune individual to one who is nonimmune. Both these forms of immunity can be found naturally and in medical practices.
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Passive Diffusion: Overview and Kinetics01:17

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Passive diffusion is a critical process that allows small lipophilic drugs to cross the cell membrane along a concentration gradient. This mechanism's efficiency depends on four primary factors: the membrane's surface area, the drug's lipid-water partition coefficient, the concentration gradient, and the membrane's thickness.
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Continuing Care01:25

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Continuing care describes the variety of health, personal, and social services provided over a prolonged period. The need for continuing care is increasing because people are living longer. Many people do not have families or others to care for them. Continuing care is mainly for patients who are disabled, functionally dependent, or suffering from a terminal disease. It is available within institutional settings or in homes. Examples include nursing centers or facilities, assisted living,...
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Continuity of a Function01:23

Continuity of a Function

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A function is continuous at a point a if three conditions are met: the function is defined at a, the limit of the function as x approaches a exists, and this limit equals the function’s value. Mathematically, this is written asThis definition ensures the graph of the function does not exhibit any breaks, holes, or jumps at that point. Discontinuities occur when any of these conditions fail. A removable discontinuity exists when the two-sided limit exists but the function is either...
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Continuity Equation01:28

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The continuity equation asserts that the mass flow rate must remain constant for a steady flow of an incompressible fluid within a confined system. This principle applies to systems where fluid passes through varying cross-sectional areas, such as nozzles, syringes, and pipes.
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High Speed Droplet-based Delivery System for Passive Pumping in Microfluidic Devices
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A passive microfluidic device for continuous microparticle enrichment.

Liang-Liang Fan1,2,3, Xiao-Liang Zhu4, Qing Yan3

  • 1School of Food Equipment Engineering and Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China.

Electrophoresis
|November 30, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a passive microfluidic device for continuous microparticle enrichment using inertial effects. The device efficiently separates microparticles and cells, showing potential for biomedical applications like plasma extraction.

Keywords:
Inertial forceLab chipMicrofluidicParticle enrichment

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Area of Science:

  • Microfluidics
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Particle Separation Technology

Background:

  • Continuous microparticle enrichment is crucial for various biomedical applications.
  • Existing methods often require complex setups or active components.
  • Developing efficient, passive microfluidic devices for cell and particle manipulation remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a novel passive microfluidic device for continuous microparticle and cell enrichment.
  • To investigate the underlying inertial effects responsible for particle focusing.
  • To evaluate the device's performance across a range of flow conditions and its potential for biomedical applications.

Main Methods:

  • Design and fabrication of a passive microfluidic chip with contracting-expanding structures.
  • Utilizing inertial lift and momentum-change-induced inertial forces for particle focusing.
  • Testing the device with yeast cells and microparticles at varying Reynolds numbers (16.7–125).
  • Analyzing the impact of structural geometry on particle migration and enrichment efficiency.

Main Results:

  • Continuous focusing of yeast cells and microparticles of different sizes was achieved.
  • Approximately 68% of particle-free liquid was separated at Re = 66.7.
  • Fast particle-free liquid acquisition (∼18 μL within 10 s) demonstrated high efficiency.
  • Larger angles in contracting-expanding structures enhanced microparticle enrichment.

Conclusions:

  • The passive microfluidic device effectively enriches microparticles and cells using inertial effects.
  • The device offers a simple, compact, and cell-friendly solution for continuous separation.
  • Significant potential exists for applications in cell enrichment and rapid plasma extraction for diagnostics and therapy.