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Related Concept Videos

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Viscous forces, like friction, are intermolecular forces that resist the relative motion of molecules over each other. When a solid body moves through a liquid, viscous forces drag it in the opposite direction. The force's magnitude depends on the solid's shape and size, as well as its speed and the liquid's coefficient of viscosity, density and temperature.
The expression for the force on a solid spherical object in a fluid is called Stokes' law. Stokes' law is valid only...
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The mode is one of the commonly used measures of a central tendency. It is defined as the most frequent value in a data set.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 1, 2026

Stimulated Stokes and Antistokes Raman Scattering in Microspherical Whispering Gallery Mode Resonators
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Stokes mode Raman random lasing in a fully biocompatible medium.

Venkata Siva Gummaluri, S R Krishnan, C Vijayan

    Optics Letters
    |December 1, 2018
    PubMed
    Summary

    Researchers achieved Raman random lasing using carrots, a biocompatible medium. This discovery offers a novel, eco-friendly optical source for bio-sensing and imaging applications.

    Area of Science:

    • Biophotonics
    • Materials Science
    • Laser Physics

    Background:

    • Developing biocompatible and biodegradable laser sources is crucial for advanced bio-sensing and imaging.
    • Natural materials offer sustainable alternatives to synthetic gain media.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate Raman random lasing in a carrot medium.
    • To characterize the lasing properties and explore potential applications.

    Main Methods:

    • Continuous-wave (CW) laser excitation of carrot medium.
    • Analysis of photoluminescence, linewidth, and polarization.
    • Investigation of temperature dependence.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated Raman random lasing in a carrot medium with a threshold of 130 W/cm².

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  • Observed linewidth narrowing with a Q factor up to 1300.
  • Identified linear temperature dependence of emission intensity.

    • Conclusions:

    • Carrots serve as an effective, biocompatible Raman laser medium.
    • Potential applications in bio-sensing, imaging, and spectroscopy due to unique properties.