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Evolution patterns of Peg3 and H19-ICR.

Joomyeong Kim¹

¹Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.

|December 4, 2018

Summary

Mammalian Imprinting Control Regions (ICRs) for Peg3 and H19 domains feature multiple transcription factor binding sites. These sites, along with tandem repeats, appear to co-evolve, maintaining regulatory functions across species.

Area of Science:

Genomics
Evolutionary Biology
Molecular Genetics

Background:

Mammalian imprinted domains are regulated by Imprinting Control Regions (ICRs).
Understanding ICR evolution is crucial for deciphering genomic imprinting mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze the evolutionary patterns of Peg3 and H19 Imprinting Control Regions (ICRs).
To investigate the relationship between transcription factor binding sites and tandem repeats within ICRs.

Main Methods:

Comparative genomic sequence analysis across a large number of mammalian species.
Identification and quantification of YY1 and CTCF binding sites.
Analysis of tandem repeat structures (unit length, number) within ICRs.

Main Results:

Keywords:

CTCF Genomic imprinting ICR Tandem repeats YY1

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Multiple YY1 and CTCF binding sites are conserved in Peg3 and H19 ICRs across mammals.
The number of these binding sites correlates positively with the presence of tandem repeats.
Tandem repeat unit lengths are specific (140 bp for Peg3, 400 bp for H19) and non-random.
Tandem repeats/duplications may maintain multiple transcription factor binding sites.

Conclusions:

Peg3 and H19 ICRs exhibit co-evolutionary features.
These features include multiple transcription factor binding sites and locus-specific tandem repeats.
This co-evolution likely ensures the stable regulation of imprinted domains.