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Coefficients in the CAVI Equation and the Comparison Between CAVI With and Without the Coefficients Using Clinical
Koji Takahashi1, Tomoyuki Yamamoto1, Shinichi Tsuda1
1Fukuda Denshi Co., Ltd.
Insights
The Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index (CAVI) and CAVI without coefficients (haβ) show similar clinical significance in assessing arterial stiffness. Both indices effectively evaluate the arterial tree from the aorta to the ankle.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Physiology
- Biomedical Engineering
- Arterial Stiffness Assessment
Background:
- The Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index (CAVI) measures arterial stiffness.
- CAVI incorporates coefficients (a and b) for adjustment to Hasegawa's pulse wave velocity, compensated at 80 mmHg diastolic pressure.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the clinical significance of CAVI and CAVI without coefficients (haβ).
- To validate the adjustment coefficients in CAVI through epidemiological and acute clinical studies.
Main Methods:
- Epidemiological study: Compared CAVI and haβ in individuals with and without coronary risk factors (hypertension, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, ECG changes).
- Acute clinical study: Administered nitroglycerin to control subjects and coronary artery disease patients, monitoring CAVI and haβ over 20 minutes.
Main Results:
- No statistically significant differences were found between CAVI and haβ regarding coronary risk factors.
- No significant discrepancies were observed between CAVI and haβ during nitroglycerin-induced changes in arterial stiffness.
Conclusions:
- CAVI and haβ demonstrated comparable significant differences in both epidemiological and clinical studies.
- Both CAVI and haβ are considered valid indices for assessing arterial stiffness from the aorta to the ankle.
Aim:
The Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index (CAVI) is a stiffness index of the arterial tree from the origin of the aorta to the ankle, independent of blood pressure at the time of measurement. The CAVI equation includes the coefficients "a" and "b" to adjust it to the value of Hasegawa's pulse wave velocity, which is compensated for at 80 mmHg of diastolic pressure. To verify this adjustment with the coefficients, the clinical significance of CAVI and CAVI without the coefficients (haβ) were compared in both an epidemiological study and an acute clinical study.
Methods:
In the epidemiological study, the significances of CAVI and haβ among people with or without coronary risks such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and abnormal electrocardiography change, were compared. In the acute clinical study, nitroglycerin was administered to subjects in a control group and to coronary artery disease patients, observing CAVI and haβ values over a 20-min period.
Results:
There was no discrepancy in terms of statistically significant differences between CAVI and haβ among subjects with or without risk factors. Furthermore, there was also no discrepancy in terms of statistically significant differences between CAVI and haβ during the changes of those values following nitroglycerin administration over a 20-min period.
Conclusion:
In both the epidemiologic and clinical studies, there was no discrepancy in terms of significant differences between CAVI and haβ. These results suggest that both are valid as indices of stiffness of the arterial tree from the origin of the aorta to the ankle.
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