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Direct Selection Strategy for Isolating Aptamers with pH-Sensitive Binding Activity.

Chelsea K L Gordon, Michael Eisenstein, Hyongsok Tom Soh1

  • 1Chan Zuckerberg Biohub , San Francisco , California 94158 , United States.

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|December 7, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a new method to create pH-responsive aptamers, which change their binding ability based on acidity. This breakthrough enables new possibilities for targeted drug delivery and medical imaging applications.

Keywords:
aptamersflow cytometryhigh-throughput screeningpH-switchingparticle displaystructure-switching

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • pH-responsive aptamers are valuable for biomedical applications like drug delivery and imaging.
  • Discovering aptamers with tunable binding affinity remains a significant challenge in molecular biology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel experimental strategy for the direct selection of pH-responsive aptamers.
  • To demonstrate the efficacy of this strategy by generating streptavidin-binding aptamers with pH-dependent affinity.

Main Methods:

  • Incorporation of a known streptavidin-binding DNA motif into an aptamer library.
  • Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS)-based screening across multiple pH conditions.
  • Structural analysis to elucidate the mechanism of pH-dependent affinity switching.

Main Results:

  • Successfully generated streptavidin-binding aptamers exhibiting nanomolar affinity at pH 7.4 and a ~100-fold decrease in affinity at pH 5.2.
  • Identified a specific aptamer whose affinity switching is regulated by a pH-dependent noncanonical G-A base pair controlling its folding.
  • Demonstrated that the strategy does not require prior structural information of the aptamer or target.

Conclusions:

  • The developed direct selection strategy is effective for generating pH-responsive aptamers.
  • The identified aptamers show significant and switchable binding affinity, suitable for biomedical applications.
  • This versatile method can be applied to various aptamer-target systems, advancing aptamer-based technologies.