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Visualization of Cortical Modules in Flattened Mammalian Cortices
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Volitional modulation of higher-order visual cortex alters human perception.

Jinendra Ekanayake1, Gerard R Ridgway2, Joel S Winston1

  • 1Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; UCL Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, UK.

Neuroimage
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neurofeedback training using real-time fMRI can alter visual perception by controlling brain activation. This brain training also induced lasting changes in grey and white matter volumes, demonstrating neural plasticity.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Binocular rivalry involves alternating perception of stimuli presented to each eye.
  • Understanding how to control awareness during binocular rivalry is a key question in neuroscience.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if brain activation can be controlled to influence perception during binocular rivalry.
  • To explore the effects of neurofeedback training on visual awareness and brain structure.

Main Methods:

  • Participants underwent neurofeedback training using real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging (rt-fMRI).
  • Training aimed to modulate activation in stimulus-selective visual cortex areas representing each eye's input.
  • Perceptual changes and structural brain changes (grey and white matter volume) were measured.

Main Results:

  • Neurofeedback training successfully altered bistable perception, correlating with changes in trained visual cortex activity.
  • The extent of perceptual alteration predicted subsequent changes in grey and white matter volumes.
  • Short-term, intensive training induced significant changes in visual awareness dynamics and brain structure.

Conclusions:

  • It is possible to causally influence visual awareness through targeted neurofeedback training.
  • Neurofeedback can induce structural plasticity in the human brain, specifically in visual processing regions.
  • This study demonstrates a link between modulating brain activity and altering perceptual experience, with lasting structural consequences.