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In Vitro Drug Dissolution: Compendial Testing Models I01:13

In Vitro Drug Dissolution: Compendial Testing Models I

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Compendial dissolution methods are standardized procedures defined by pharmacopeias to evaluate the rate at which a drug dissolves in a specific medium. These methods ensure batch-to-batch consistency, enable quality control, and support the prediction of drug bioavailability. They are critical for both immediate and modified-release drug products.The apparatuses used for dissolution testing differ in their design and mechanical function, but all aim to simulate the physiological environment of...
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In Vitro Drug Dissolution: Compendial Testing Models II01:09

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Various dissolution methods are utilized to assess a drug’s dissolution rate, including the flow-through cell, paddle-over-disk, cylinder, and reciprocating disk methods.The flow-through cell apparatus (USP (United States Pharmacopeia) method 4) comprises a reservoir for the dissolution medium and a pump that propels the medium through the cell containing the test sample. This method is crucial for assessing modified-release dosage forms with minimally soluble active ingredients,...
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To learn more about the function of a gene, researchers can observe what happens when the gene is inactivated or “knocked out,” by creating genetically engineered knockout animals. Knockout mice have been particularly useful as models for human diseases such as cancer, Parkinson’s disease, and diabetes.
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In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a form of assisted reproductive technology where an egg is fertilized with sperm in a controlled laboratory environment before transferring the resulting embryo into the uterus. This process is designed to help individuals and couples experiencing difficulties conceiving.
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Body:Bioequivalence studies are crucial in evaluating whether new drugs can match an approved one regarding pharmacological effects and clinical performance. These studies test if drugs, despite different dosage forms, share identical plasma concentration-time profiles. Three types of equivalence are central to these studies: chemical, pharmaceutical, and therapeutic. Chemical equivalence indicates that two or more drug products contain identical active ingredients in equal amounts.
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A Method for Characterizing Embryogenesis in Arabidopsis
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In Vitro Microscale Models for Embryogenesis.

Jennifer Rico-Varela1, Dominic Ho1, Leo Q Wan1,2,3

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy NY 12180.

Advanced Biosystems
|December 12, 2018
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers review microtechnologies for studying early human development. These advanced systems, including microfluidic and micropatterned platforms, offer new ways to model embryogenesis and test drugs in vitro.

Keywords:
Cell MicroenvironmentDevelopmentEmbryo-on-a-chipEmbryogenesisMicrofluidicsMicropatterningTeratogens

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Biotechnology
  • Stem Cell Biology

Background:

  • Embryogenesis requires intricate mechanical and biochemical cues for proper development.
  • Current methods for recapitulating embryogenesis face limitations due to biological complexity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review microtechnological approaches for studying embryogenesis.
  • To explore the use of pluripotent stem cells in microengineered systems.
  • To highlight opportunities for in vitro modeling and drug screening.

Main Methods:

  • Review of studies utilizing micropatterned systems.
  • Analysis of microfluidic platforms for cell culture.
  • Examination of embryo/embryoid body-on-a-chip models.

Main Results:

  • Microtechnologies offer powerful tools to study embryogenesis.
  • Geometrical patterns and microfluidics enhance control over cellular microenvironments.
  • Emerging stem cell-based models show promise for in vitro studies.

Conclusions:

  • Microengineered systems provide novel avenues for studying human embryogenesis.
  • These platforms facilitate high-throughput drug testing and disease modeling.
  • Advancements can help prevent developmental defects in early human development.