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Updated: Feb 1, 2026

Decellularization of Whole Human Heart Inside a Pressurized Pouch in an Inverted Orientation
Published on: November 26, 2018
A rectangular (quadrangular) heart
Sanjay Kumar1, Diana Yu2, Jason M Lazar1
1Division of Cardiology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, NY, USA.
Abstract:
We report a case of "rectangular (quadrangular) heart" seen on the chest X-ray. Full evaluation showed massive enlargement of right-sided chambers shadowing the left-sided chambers. Primary etiology of the right-sided failure was attributed to severe mitral and tricuspid regurgitation for which the patient underwent surgery. <Learning objective: To understand that a cardiac chamber enlargement can result in massive increase in cardiac silhouette on a chest X-ray. Predominant right atrial and ventricular enlargement in comparison to left-sided chambers can give rise to a peculiar shape (rectangular/quadrangular) in the chest X-ray.>.
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