Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 1, 2026

Mesocosm-Scale Constructed Wetland Design for Wastewater Treatment
Published on: May 2, 2025
Enhanced nitrogen removal in biochar-added surface flow constructed wetlands: dealing with seasonal variation in the
Jing Li1, Jinlin Fan2, Daoxing Liu3
1Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China.
Abstract:
In the present study, the performance of surface flow constructed wetlands (SFCWs) added with different dosage of biochar (group A 0%, group B 10%, group C 20%; v/v) was investigated, to evaluate the effect of biochar on nitrogen removal of a constructed wetland. No significant difference was observed in NH4+-N removal among three groups even during different seasons. Labile organic carbon released from biochar distinctly enhanced denitrification process, which improved NO3--N removal efficiency by 4.58% in group B and 10.33% in group C. More importantly, compared with group A, biochar addition increased plant N removal by 82.24% and 192.11% in groups B and C, respectively. This result indicated that biochar could increase the accumulation of plant net biomass. In addition, TN removal of group A was much lower at low temperature (4.9 °C). However, no obvious influence of temperature on TN removal was observed in groups B and C with biochar addition. Microbial community analysis showed that, compared with that in group A, the total relative abundance of the main denitrification bacteria (Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes) increased by 0.81% in group B and 13.63% in group C. These results provide a reasonable strategy for improving the performance of SFCWs under cold climate.
Related Concept Videos
Variation in Acceleration due to Gravity near the Earth's Surface
The difference between the true and apparent weights is proportional to the square of the Earth's...
The Nitrogen Cycle
Gene Flow
Seasoning of Wood
Achieving equilibrium moisture content is the goal of seasoning; this is the point where the wood's moisture content stabilizes to align with the moisture levels of the surrounding environment. Proper...
What is Variation?
The range, standard deviation, standard error, and variance are the different measures of variation.
Range: The range is the difference between its maximum and...
Biological Clocks and Seasonal Responses

