Decreased preoperative functional status is associated with increased mortality following coronary artery bypass...

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Surgical Outcomes
• Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

• Pre-operative functional status is a potential predictor of adverse events following coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.
• Assessing patient functional capacity before CABG is crucial for risk stratification and optimizing post-operative care.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the association between pre-operative functional status and 180-day all-cause mortality in patients undergoing CABG surgery.
• To determine if lower functional status prior to CABG surgery independently predicts increased mortality risk.

Main Methods:

• A retrospective cohort study involving 718 adult patients who underwent CABG surgery between 2002 and 2014.
• Functional status was assessed by physical therapists within 3 months pre-CABG using qualitative categories.
• Logistic regression analysis, adjusted for multiple clinical covariates, was used to evaluate the primary outcome of 180-day mortality.

Main Results:

• The lowest quartile of functional status was significantly associated with an increased odds of 180-day mortality (OR = 4.45; 95% CI 1.35–14.69; P = 0.014) compared to the highest quartile.
• This association remained significant after adjusting for key demographic and clinical factors, including age, comorbidities, and surgical risk scores.

Conclusions:

• Reduced functional status in the period preceding coronary artery bypass graft surgery is a significant independent predictor of increased 180-day all-cause mortality.
• Pre-operative functional assessment should be incorporated into the risk evaluation for patients undergoing CABG surgery to identify individuals at higher risk for mortality.