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Updated: Feb 1, 2026

Covalent Attachment of Single Molecules for AFM-based Force Spectroscopy
Published on: March 16, 2020
Use of pyrrolobenzodiazepines and related covalent-binding DNA-interactive molecules as ADC payloads: Is mechanism
Paul J M Jackson1, Syafiq Kay2, Ilona Pysz2
1Femtogenix Ltd., Biopark, Broadwater Road, Welwyn Garden City AL7 3AX, United Kingdom.
Abstract:
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) consist of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) or antibody fragments conjugated to biologically active molecules (usually highly cytotoxic small molecules) through chemical linkers. Although no ADCs containing covalent-binding DNA-interactive payloads have yet been approved (although two containing the DNA-cleaving payload calicheamicin have), of those in clinical trials systemic toxicities are beginning to emerge. This article discusses the observed toxicities in relation to the structures and mechanisms of action of payload type.
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