Grafted cyclodextrin as carrier for control drug delivery and efficient cell killing

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Polymer Chemistry
• Drug Delivery Systems

Background:

• Cyclodextrins (CD) are hydrophilic due to hydroxyl groups, enabling chemical modification.
• Polyurethane grafting onto CD can control drug release kinetics.
• Maintaining a hydrophobic-hydrophilic balance is key for extended drug release.

Purpose of the Study:

• To chemically modify cyclodextrin (CD) by grafting polyurethane.
• To investigate the effect of grafting on drug release profiles.
• To evaluate the biocompatibility and anticancer efficacy of the modified CD.

Main Methods:

• Grafting of polyurethane onto cyclodextrin.
• Characterization using 1H NMR, FTIR, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and molecular weight measurement.
• Morphological analysis via Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM).
• Thermal and mechanical property assessments.
• In vitro drug release studies.
• Biocompatibility evaluation using MTT assay and cell adhesion tests.

Main Results:

• Successful grafting of polyurethane onto CD confirmed by spectroscopic and molecular weight analyses.
• Enhanced thermal stability and mechanical strength of graft copolymers.
• Morphological transition from particle to strip-like structures observed.
• Sustained drug release achieved with graft copolymers, contrasting with burst release from pure CD.
• Improved anticancer drug efficacy demonstrated, with 75% cell mortality using graft copolymers.

Conclusions:

• Polyurethane-grafted cyclodextrin (CD) exhibits enhanced material properties and controlled drug release.
• The graft copolymer demonstrates superior biocompatibility and significantly higher anticancer efficacy compared to pure drug or CD-drug systems.
• Specific interactions within the graft copolymer contribute to sustained drug release and improved therapeutic outcomes.