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CMOS Current Feedback Operational Amplifier-Based Relaxation Generator for Capacity to Voltage Sensor Interface.

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This study introduces a novel relaxation generator circuit for sensor interfaces, converting capacitance to frequency. The developed circuit provides a low-impedance voltage output, demonstrating accurate capacitance-to-voltage transduction for sensor applications.

Keywords:
capacity measurementcapacity sensor interfacecurrent feedback operational amplifierrelaxation generatorsquare wave generator

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Area of Science:

  • Electronics
  • Sensor Technology
  • Integrated Circuits

Background:

  • Capacitive sensors are widely used but require efficient signal conditioning.
  • Existing capacitance-to-frequency converters can be complex or lack precision.
  • A need exists for simple, low-impedance transducers for sensor interfaces.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a simple relaxation generator circuit.
  • To operate as a capacitance-to-frequency/period transducer.
  • To provide a low-impedance voltage output for sensor interfaces.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a current feedback operational amplifier in a 0.35 μm CMOS process.
  • Integrated four passive elements, including a grounded capacitor as the sensed parameter.
  • Developed an additional frequency-to-DC voltage converter for voltage output.

Main Results:

  • Achieved experimental capacitance variation from 6.8 nF to 100 nF.
  • Observed a voltage change from 21 mV to 106 mV with less than 5% error.
  • Measured a sensitivity of 0.912 mV/nF, consistent with simulation results.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed relaxation generator is a viable solution for capacitance sensing.
  • The circuit offers accurate capacitance-to-voltage conversion with a low-impedance output.
  • The design is suitable for integration into sensor interface applications.