Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Confirmation Biases01:31

Confirmation Biases

8.2K
The confirmation bias is the tendency to focus on information that confirms our existing beliefs and ignore information that is inconsistent with our expectations. For example, if you think that your professor is not very nice, you notice all of the instances of rude behavior exhibited by the professor while ignoring the countless pleasant interactions he is involved in on a daily basis. Have you ever fallen prey to the confirmation bias, either as the source or target of such bias?
8.2K
Hindsight Biases01:12

Hindsight Biases

4.3K
Hindsight bias leads you to believe that the event you just experienced was predictable, even though it really wasn’t. In other words, you knew all along that things would turn out the way they did. Can you relate this to the phrase "Hindsight is 20/20" now? 
4.3K
Bias01:22

Bias

7.3K
Bias refers to any tendency that prevents a question from being considered unprejudiced. In research, bias occurs when one outcome or answer is selected or encouraged over others in sampling or testing. Bias can occur during any research phase, including study design, data collection, analysis, and publication.
In statistics, a sampling bias is created when a sample is collected from a population, and some members of the population are not as likely to be chosen as others (remember, each member...
7.3K
Correspondence Bias01:17

Correspondence Bias

222
Correspondence bias, also referred to as the fundamental attribution error, describes the tendency to attribute another person’s behavior to internal characteristics rather than situational influences. This cognitive bias leads individuals to overlook external factors that may be influencing actions, thereby fostering potentially inaccurate assessments of others’ intentions and dispositions.Empirical Evidence for Correspondence BiasResearch has consistently demonstrated the...
222
Self-Serving Bias01:29

Self-Serving Bias

236
Self-serving bias is a cognitive phenomenon in which individuals attribute positive outcomes to internal factors such as their abilities, intelligence, or effort while attributing negative outcomes to external circumstances. This cognitive distortion helps maintain self-esteem but can also impede objective self-assessment.Theoretical Explanations of Self-Serving BiasTwo primary theories explain the self-serving bias: the cognitive explanation and the motivational explanation.The cognitive...
236
Motivational Bias01:25

Motivational Bias

360
Cognitive bias results from limitations in thinking and information processing, leading to systematic errors in judgment. Conversely, motivational bias stems from personal desires or emotions, causing distortions in perception to align with self-interest. Motivational bias influences how individuals perceive and attribute causes to events, often shaped by personal needs, goals, and self-esteem preservation. This bias can distort judgment, leading to inaccurate assessments of success, failure,...
360

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Temporal and nontemporal control in a midsession reversal task with variable intertrial intervals.

Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior·2026
Same author

Comparisons of extinction, counterconditioning, and novelty-facilitated extinction within ABA vs. ABC renewal designs.

Journal of experimental psychology. Animal learning and cognition·2026
Same author

Starlings solve the ephemeral reward task.

Journal of experimental psychology. Animal learning and cognition·2025
Same author

Pigeons' performance in the number-left task: Associative or computational mechanism?

Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior·2025
Same author

Contextual modulation of human associative learning following novelty-facilitated extinction, counterconditioning, and conventional extinction.

Journal of experimental psychology. Animal learning and cognition·2024
Same author

Cue duration and trial spacing effects in contingency assessment in the streaming procedure with humans.

Journal of experimental psychology. Animal learning and cognition·2024
Same journal

Time does the teaching.

Journal of experimental psychology. Animal learning and cognition·2026
Same journal

Language learning in canines and toddlers: Shared origins?

Journal of experimental psychology. Animal learning and cognition·2026
Same journal

The role of outcome affective value in driving human Pavlovian learning.

Journal of experimental psychology. Animal learning and cognition·2026
Same journal

Crashing the tea party: Imagining alternative explanations.

Journal of experimental psychology. Animal learning and cognition·2026
Same journal

Static outcomes: Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation at Fp3 or P3 does not modulate perceptual learning as indexed by the intermixed-blocked effect.

Journal of experimental psychology. Animal learning and cognition·2026
Same journal

A method for visual psychophysics based on the navigational behavior of desert ants (Melophorus bagoti).

Journal of experimental psychology. Animal learning and cognition·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Assessment of Mouse Judgment Bias through an Olfactory Digging Task
12:10

Assessment of Mouse Judgment Bias through an Olfactory Digging Task

Published on: March 4, 2022

3.1K

Biasing performance through differential payoff in a temporal bisection task.

Renata Cambraia1, Marco Vasconcelos2, Jérémie Jozefowiez3

  • 1School of Psychology, University of Minho.

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Animal Learning and Cognition
|January 4, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Differential payoffs influenced pigeons' temporal discrimination by biasing choices toward richer rewards. Pigeons

More Related Videos

Performing Behavioral Tasks in Subjects with Intracranial Electrodes
12:10

Performing Behavioral Tasks in Subjects with Intracranial Electrodes

Published on: October 2, 2014

11.9K
The Emotional Stroop Task: Assessing Cognitive Performance under Exposure to Emotional Content
07:21

The Emotional Stroop Task: Assessing Cognitive Performance under Exposure to Emotional Content

Published on: June 29, 2016

41.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Assessment of Mouse Judgment Bias through an Olfactory Digging Task
12:10

Assessment of Mouse Judgment Bias through an Olfactory Digging Task

Published on: March 4, 2022

3.1K
Performing Behavioral Tasks in Subjects with Intracranial Electrodes
12:10

Performing Behavioral Tasks in Subjects with Intracranial Electrodes

Published on: October 2, 2014

11.9K
The Emotional Stroop Task: Assessing Cognitive Performance under Exposure to Emotional Content
07:21

The Emotional Stroop Task: Assessing Cognitive Performance under Exposure to Emotional Content

Published on: June 29, 2016

41.3K

Area of Science:

  • Behavioral neuroscience
  • Animal cognition
  • Operant conditioning

Background:

  • Temporal discrimination is crucial for survival.
  • Understanding how external factors influence timing is important.
  • Pigeons are a model organism for studying timing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of differential payoffs on temporal discrimination in pigeons.
  • To analyze how reward value influences choice behavior in a temporal bisection task.
  • To examine the relationship between spatial location and temporal control in pigeons' timing behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Pigeons performed a temporal bisection task with varying sample durations.
  • Differential reinforcement schedules were implemented for different choices.
  • Pigeons' movement patterns were tracked in a long operant chamber.

Main Results:

  • Pigeons exhibited a bias toward the richer-paying key, affecting their temporal judgments.
  • Movement patterns showed stereotypical approach and departure behaviors influenced by sample duration.
  • Differential payoffs biased departure times and increased the influence of spatial location over temporal control.
  • Temporal sensitivity remained unchanged.

Conclusions:

  • Reward value significantly impacts temporal discrimination through bias effects.
  • Spatial location can compete with temporal cues in controlling behavior.
  • Existing timing models should incorporate bias and stimulus competition for accuracy.