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Measuring socioeconomic adversity in early life
Kanwaljeet J S Anand1,2, Joseph Rigdon3, Cynthia R Rovnaghi1,2
1Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)
|January 8, 2019
Summary
Early life socioeconomic adversity impacts health and social outcomes. Modifiable factors like income and education can mitigate these negative effects, improving maternal and child well-being.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Socioeconomic Determinants of Health
- Child Development
Background:
- Early life adversity has lasting effects on physical and mental health, and academic achievement.
- Identifying modifiable factors linked to early life socioeconomic adversity is crucial for intervention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify potentially modifiable factors associated with socioeconomic adversity in early life.
- To analyze the relationship between socioeconomic adversity and maternal/child health outcomes.
Main Methods:
- 1503 pregnant women were enrolled in Shelby County, Tennessee.
- Principal components analysis generated a Socioeconomic Adversity Index (SAI).
- Health and social outcomes were compared across SAI quintiles.
Main Results:
- Significant differences in marital status, income, education, and insurance were found across SAI quintiles.
- Lower SAI quintiles correlated with worse outcomes: maternal depression, parental incarceration, lower birthweight, and child abuse risk.
- Maternal age and race also varied significantly across SAI quintiles.
Conclusions:
- Marital status, household structure, income, education, and insurance are modifiable factors in early life socioeconomic adversity.
- Increased socioeconomic adversity, measured by SAI, is linked to poorer maternal and child health outcomes.
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