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Long-term Vertigo Control and Vestibular Function After Low-dose On-demand Transtympanic Gentamicin for Refractory
Sarah Nicolas1, Michel Kmeid1, Charles Mansour1
1Service d'Oto-Rhino-Laryngologie, d'Oto-Neurologie et d'ORL Pédiatrique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Place du Dr Baylac.
Objective:
To describe the long-term clinical vertigo control along with measured lateral canal vestibular function in patients with unilateral refractory Menière's disease (MD) treated with gentamicin transtympanic injections (TTI).
Study Design:
Retrospective analytic study.
Setting:
Tertiary referral center.
Patients:
Thirty-eight patients treated by TTI for medically refractory unilateral MD, defined by the 1995 AAO-HNS criteria, between May 2006 and December 2012.
Intervention(S):
One-year course of treatment with gentamicin TTI following a low dose on-demand protocol. TTI were repeated in new courses of treatment when MD recurrence occurred.
Main Outcome Measure(S):
AAO-HNS class of control, caloric tests (CalT), recurrence rate.
Results:
After an average clinical follow-up of 71 months, all patients entered a class of control A (78%) or B (22%), with an average of 2.3 TTI received. The mean maximal obtained deficit was 88.5%, and the mean long-term deficit was 85.5%. Ten (26%) patients had disease recurrence requiring a new course of treatment. A value of the first CalT in the 3 months following the first TTI strictly higher than 78% was significantly associated with disease control and the absence of symptom recurrence (p≤0.01). In the "recurrence" group, four patients had a significantly lower mean value of all CalT performed after the first TTI when compared with other patients (p≤0.001), indicating gentamicin resistance CONCLUSION:: Achieving a sustainable vestibular deficit on caloric testing is key for MD symptom control after gentamicin TTI. Gentamicin resistance must be diagnosed early to adapt therapeutic strategies.