[Research progress on mitochondrial dysfunction in multiple myeloma]

Multiple myeloma ranks as the second most prevalent hematological malignancy. It remains incurable and is characterized by frequent drug resistance and disease relapse. Mitochondria, as a key hub for cellular energy metabolism and homeostasis regulation, have been found to have functional abnormalities in various cancers. The occurrence, progression and drug resistance of multiple myeloma are also closely linked to mitochondrial dysfunction. Existing research has shown that multiple myeloma cells acquire survival advantages and escape therapeutic elimination by enhancing oxidative phosphorylation, reprogramming glycolysis, maintaining redox homeostasis, regulating calcium homeostasis and mitochondrial quality control, as well as inhibiting mitochondria-dependent apoptosis. Multiple types of drugs and combination therapy strategies targeting the above processes have shown potential in preclinical studies. This review summarizes the main role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the development and drug resistance of multiple myeloma, as well as the research progress of targeted therapy, providing new ideas for targeted therapy of multiple myeloma.