Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Measuring the Carotid to Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity Cf-PWV to Evaluate Arterial Stiffness
05:51

Measuring the Carotid to Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity Cf-PWV to Evaluate Arterial Stiffness

Published on: May 3, 2018

18.5K

Evaluation of Arterial Stiffness Using Pulse Wave Velocity and Augmentation Index in Patients with Chronic Venous

Mustafa Dogdus1, Onur Akhan2, Mehmet Ozyasar1

  • 1Karaman State Hospital, Department of Cardiology, 70100 Karaman, Turkey.

International Journal of Vascular Medicine
|January 12, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Arterial stiffness, measured by pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index (Aix), is significantly higher in patients with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI). These arterial stiffness measures are independent predictors of CVI.

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Medicine
  • Cardiology
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is a prevalent circulatory condition with significant patient morbidity and healthcare costs.
  • Arterial stiffness is a known predictor of cardiovascular events and mortality.
  • The association between CVI and arterial stiffness has not been fully elucidated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the relationship between chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) and arterial stiffness.
  • To assess arterial stiffness using pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index (Aix).

Main Methods:

  • Sixty-two patients with C3-C5 chronic venous disease (CVD) and 48 healthy controls were enrolled.
  • Arterial stiffness was assessed using an ambulatory blood pressure monitor (I.E.M. Mobil-O-Graph).
  • Pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index (Aix) were the primary measures of arterial stiffness.

Main Results:

  • Patients with CVI exhibited significantly higher PWV and Aix compared to healthy controls (p=0.001 and p=0.003, respectively).
  • A positive linear correlation was found between CVI severity and both PWV (r=0.675) and Aix (r=0.659).
  • A PWV threshold of > 9.2 demonstrated 88.9% sensitivity and 71.4% specificity for predicting CVI.

Conclusions:

  • Pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index (Aix) are reliable and reproducible clinical methods for assessing arterial stiffness.
  • PWV and Aix were identified as independent predictors of CVI through logistic regression analysis.
  • PWV shows significant potential as a diagnostic tool for CVI, with high sensitivity and specificity.
Abstract

More Related Videos

Ultrasound-based Pulse Wave Velocity Evaluation in Mice08:07

Ultrasound-based Pulse Wave Velocity Evaluation in Mice

Published on: February 14, 2017

14.5K
Pulse Wave Velocity Testing in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging06:08

Pulse Wave Velocity Testing in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging

Published on: February 7, 2014

17.7K

Related Concept Videos

Velocity and Acceleration of a Wave00:51

Velocity and Acceleration of a Wave

A wave propagates through a medium with a constant speed, known as a wave velocity. It is different from the speed of the particles of the medium, which is not constant. In addition, the velocity of the medium is perpendicular to the velocity of the wave. The variable speed of the particles of the medium implies that there must be acceleration associated with it. 
The velocity of the particles can be obtained by taking the partial derivative of the position equation with respect to time....
4.8K
Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation01:13

Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation

Insufficient sleep refers to not getting the recommended amount of sleep for optimal functioning, even if it's just slightly less than needed. Sleep insufficiency may occur due to lifestyle choices, such as staying up late for social events or work, resulting in routinely getting less sleep than required. For example, consistently sleeping 6 hours when the body needs 7-9 hours can lead to cumulative effects on health and well-being.
Sleep deprivation is a more severe form of sleep loss...
936
Pulse01:16

Pulse

When the heart pumps blood out, arterial elastic fibers play a crucial role in sustaining a high-pressure gradient. They expand to accommodate the received blood and then recoil - a process known as the pulse that can be either manually palpated or electronically quantified. Despite a reduction in its effect with increased distance from the heart, elements of the pulse's systolic and diastolic components persist, observable even at the arteriole level.
The pulse serves as a clinical...
2.1K
Pulse01:05

Pulse

The pulse is one of the most fundamental physiological indicators of the body's cardiovascular health. It is the rhythmic expansion and contraction of the arterial walls in response to the pressure generated by the heart's pumping action.
Pulse Rate and its Significance
Pulse rate, often measured in beats per minute (bpm), reflects the heart rate (HR), which is influenced by numerous factors such as stress, physical activity, and hormonal changes. A normal resting adult pulse rate falls...
3.7K
The Wave Nature of Light02:12

The Wave Nature of Light

The nature of light has been a subject of inquiry since antiquity. In the seventeenth century, Isaac Newton performed experiments with lenses and prisms and was able to demonstrate that white light consists of the individual colors of the rainbow combined together. Newton explained his optics findings in terms of a "corpuscular" view of light, in which light was composed of streams of extremely tiny particles traveling at high speeds according to Newton's laws of motion.
61.3K
Venous Return01:04

Venous Return

The circulatory system plays a crucial role in ensuring the optimal functioning of the human body. One of its critical components is venous return - the process that completes the blood circulation cycle. This article will delve into the concept of venous return, how it works, and its significance to our health.
What is Venous Return?
Venous return refers to the rate at which blood flows back to the heart from the body's peripheral veins. It's an integral part of the circulatory system...
12.3K