Conversion of organic biomedical waste into value added product using green approach

Sustainable organic biomedical waste management is a difficult challenge as this has become one of the serious hazardous wastes. Improper disposal of organic biomedical waste can lead to direct and indirect transmission of diseases. In the present research, the organic biomedical waste samples (32 g blood swabs, 12 g dressing swabs, and 6 g used cotton) were treated with Azadirachta indica ("Neem") and Nicotiana tabacum ("Tobacco") extracts at various concentrations and kept for 96-h degradation, followed by evaluation of physicochemical parameters. The physicochemical results of organic biomedical waste like pH of the experimental sets were within the optimum range and there was 63.33% of decrease of TDS, 86.15% and 95.30% reduction of BOD and COD, respectively was observed at the end of 96 h. The residues were mixed with 1000 g soil to confirm their role as a potential fertilizer. The physicochemical parameters of soil sample F₆ (neem+tobacco) show an excellent result among all. The phytochemical parameters of a plant were also enhanced as compared to control. The soil samples and the tomato plants were also not polluted by the heavy metals, they are within the limit given by WHO. The present study deals with the conversion of organic biomedical waste into potential fertilizer by using plant extracts which can purely be financially profitable to the farmer.