Spoofing Attack Results Determination in Code Domain Using a Spoofing Process Equation.

Area of Science:

• Signal processing
• Navigation systems
• Cybersecurity

Background:

• User receivers track authentic signals, but are vulnerable to spoofing signals.
• Understanding the conditions for successful signal spoofing is critical for navigation system security.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a Spoofing Process Equation (SPE) for calculating the tracking point of a Delay Lock Loop (DLL) during a spoofing attack.
• To analyze the conditions required for a successful spoofing signal transmission.
• To establish correlations between key parameters and spoofing attack success.

Main Methods:

• Development of the Spoofing Process Equation (SPE).
• Analysis of parameters including signal strength, sweep velocity, loop filter order, and DLL bandwidth.
• Simulation of spoofing scenarios to validate the SPE.

Main Results:

• The SPE accurately calculates the DLL tracking point throughout the spoofing process.
• Conditions for successful spoofing signal acquisition were identified using the SPE.
• Correlations between parameters influencing spoofing success were established.
• SPE demonstrated performance consistent with general DLL methods at a lower computational cost.

Conclusions:

• The developed SPE provides a low-computational method for analyzing and predicting GPS spoofing success.
• The SPE enables the determination of critical parameters for effective spoofing attack strategies.
• This research contributes to understanding and mitigating vulnerabilities in navigation systems against spoofing threats.