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Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Stroke Volume01:27

Regulation of Stroke Volume

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The regulation of stroke volume, which is the amount of blood the heart pumps out during each heartbeat, is critical for maintaining a healthy circulatory system. Stroke volume is influenced by three main factors: preload, contractility, and afterload.
Preload refers to the degree of stretch on the heart before it contracts. It's analogous to the stretching of a rubber band; the more it's stretched, the more forcefully it snaps back. This concept is encapsulated in the Frank-Starling law of the...
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Cardiac Output and Stroke Volume01:11

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Cardiac output (CO) is an integral aspect of human physiology, reflecting the heart's efficiency and responsiveness to the body's needs. It represents the volume of blood that the left or right ventricle ejects into the aorta or pulmonary trunk each minute. The CO is calculated by multiplying the heart rate (HR)—the number of heartbeats per minute—by the stroke volume (SV)—the amount of blood pumped out with each heartbeat.
In an average resting adult male, the typical cardiac...
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Cardiac Output II: Effect of Stroke Volume on Cardiac Output01:22

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Cardiac output (CO), the amount of blood the heart pumps per minute, is a parameter in cardiovascular physiology determined by stroke volume and heart rate. Stroke volume, the amount of blood pushed from one of the ventricles per heartbeat, is influenced by preload, afterload, and contractility.
Preload
Preload refers to the initial elongation of the cardiac myocytes before contraction and is related to the volume of blood filling the heart at the end of diastole, or end-diastolic volume. The...
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A Puzzling Case of Cryptogenic Stroke.

Marisa Distefano1, Rosalinda Calandrelli2, Vincenzo Arena3

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Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases : the Official Journal of National Stroke Association
|January 22, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Infective endocarditis (IE) stroke is challenging to diagnose. Analyzing clots from mechanical thrombectomy aids early IE diagnosis and treatment, improving outcomes for stroke patients.

Keywords:
Strokeclot aspirationinfective endocarditismechanical thrombectomythrombolysis

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Stroke is a frequent and severe complication of infective endocarditis (IE).
  • Diagnosing IE in patients presenting with acute stroke is clinically challenging.
  • IE significantly increases stroke-related morbidity and mortality.

Observation:

  • A 75-year-old male presented with acute left hemiparesis and dysarthria.
  • Initial symptoms included fatigue, fever, and weight loss over three months.
  • Neurological examination confirmed left hemiparesis and dysarthria.

Findings:

  • Brain imaging revealed a right M1 segment occlusion, treated with thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy.
  • Clot analysis showed bacterial colonies consistent with septic emboli.
  • Post-procedure, the patient developed fever and intracranial hemorrhage.
  • Blood cultures identified Enterococcus faecalis, leading to antibiotic treatment.

Implications:

  • Early diagnosis of IE in acute stroke is critical for effective management.
  • Mechanical thrombectomy allows direct analysis of embolic material for rapid IE diagnosis.
  • Prompt identification and appropriate antibiotic therapy are essential for improving outcomes in IE-related stroke.