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Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Extracellular Glucose Depletion as an Indirect Measure of Glucose Uptake in Cells and Tissues Ex Vivo
Published on: April 6, 2022
Protein O-glucosylation: another essential role of glucose in biology
Hongjun Yu1, Hideyuki Takeuchi2
1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Abstract:
Protein O-glucosylation is an unusual, linear trisaccharide form of O-glycosylation, xyloseα1-3xyloseα1-3glucose1β-O-serine, that is attached to epidermal growth factor-like (EGF) repeats found on numerous proteins including Notch. Genetic and biochemical studies have shown that protein O-glucosylation is essential for full Notch activity in Drosophila and mice. Aberrant protein O-glucosylation has been linked to human diseases. Structural studies of the glycosyltransferases, POGLUT1 and XXYLT1, in complex with substrates revealed the biosynthetic mechanisms of protein O-glucosylation. Very recently, two novel protein O-glucosyltransferases that modify sites distinct from POGLUT1 were identified. Furthermore, protein O-glucosylation turned out to modulate the stability of EGF repeats and thereby regulate Notch trafficking.
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