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Related Concept Videos

Silica Gel Column Chromatography: Overview01:10

Silica Gel Column Chromatography: Overview

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Silica gel column chromatography is a technique for separating compounds using a column packed with silica gel as the stationary phase. This method relies on differences in the polarity of compounds. Based on their polarities, compounds move between the stationary phase (silica gel) and the mobile phase (the solvent), forming discrete bands in the column.
Polar components tend to bind strongly to the silica gel, causing them to move slowly through the column. In contrast, nonpolar compounds...
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Primary Production01:06

Primary Production

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The total amount of energy acquired by primary producers in an ecosystem is called gross primary production (GPP). However, of this energy, producers use some for metabolic processes, and some is lost as heat, decreasing the amount of energy available to the next trophic level. The remaining usable amount of energy is called the net primary productivity (NPP). In terrestrial ecosystems, NPP is driven by climate, while light penetration and nutrient availability drive NPP in aquatic ecosystems.
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Limiting Reactant02:27

Limiting Reactant

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The relative amounts of reactants and products represented in a balanced chemical equation are often referred to as stoichiometric amounts. However, in reality, the reactants are not always present in the stoichiometric amounts indicated by the balanced equation.
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Solubility Equilibria: Ionic Product of Water01:16

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Pure water is a weak electrolyte; only a small amount ionizes into hydrogen and hydroxide ions. At any given temperature, the concentration of undissociated water is almost constant, so the ionic product of water is the product of the hydrogen and hydroxide ion concentrations, denoted as Kw. The square root of Kw gives the individual ion concentrations.
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Concentration Cells

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A concentration cell is a type of a  voltaic cell constructed by connecting two almost identical half-cells, both based on the same half-reaction and using the same electrode, differing only in the concentration of one redox species. A concentration cell's potential, therefore, is determined only by the concentration difference of the particular redox species.
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Solution Concentration and Dilution02:59

Solution Concentration and Dilution

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The relative amount of a given solution component is known as its concentration. Often, though not always, a solution contains one component with a concentration that is significantly greater than that of all other components. This component is called the solvent and may be viewed as the medium in which the other components are dispersed or dissolved. Solutions in which water is the solvent are, of course, very common on our planet. A solution in which water is the solvent is called an aqueous...
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Updated: Jan 30, 2026

A Low-Cost Method of Measuring the In Situ Primary Productivity of Periphyton Communities of Lentic Waters
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Water column dissolved silica concentration limits microphytobenthic primary production in intertidal sediments.

Julio Bohórquez1, Danielle Calenti1, Emilio García-Robledo1

  • 1Department of Biology, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Science, University of Cádiz, Pol. Río San Pedro s/n, 11510, Puerto Real, Spain.

Journal of Phycology
|January 24, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Dissolved silica (DSi) limits microphytobenthos production in coastal areas. Increasing DSi concentrations boosted benthic primary production and nutrient uptake in sediment cores, demonstrating silica

Keywords:
Bay of Cadizdissolved silica limitationinorganic nutrientsintertidal sedimentsmicroelectrodesmicrophytobenthosprimary production

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Assessing Intertidal Populations of the Invasive European Green Crab
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Area of Science:

  • Marine ecology
  • Benthic ecology
  • Biogeochemistry

Background:

  • Microphytobenthos (MPB) are key primary producers in coastal ecosystems.
  • Diatoms, dominant MPB, require dissolved silica (DSi) for cell wall formation.
  • Reduced freshwater input can lower DSi, potentially limiting MPB production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of dissolved silica (DSi) on benthic primary production.
  • To determine if DSi is a limiting factor for microphytobenthos in intertidal sediments.
  • To assess the effect of DSi enrichment on nutrient fluxes.

Main Methods:

  • Microcosm experiment using intact sediment cores from an intertidal mudflat.
  • Enrichment of cores with varying concentrations of DSi (0–45 μmol·L⁻¹).
  • Measurement of chlorophylls, metabolic rates (production, respiration), and nutrient fluxes after 7 days.

Main Results:

  • Chlorophyll a and c content increased but showed no treatment-specific differences.
  • Benthic production (net and gross) exhibited a saturating pattern with increasing DSi.
  • DSi and ammonium uptake by sediment increased with DSi availability, higher in light.

Conclusions:

  • Dissolved silica concentration directly influences benthic primary production in coastal environments.
  • DSi availability controls key ecological processes, including nutrient cycling.
  • Silicate limitation should be considered in coastal management, especially in areas with low freshwater input.