The podiatric surgery theatre environment in the UK; is it conducive to learning? A quantitative study using the surgical theatre educational environment measure (STEEM)
Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 30, 2026

A Telemetric, Gravimetric Platform for Real-Time Physiological Phenotyping of Plant–Environment Interactions
Published on: August 5, 2020
Thomas Austen1,2, Simon Otter3
1Podplus Ltd, The Julie Rose Stadium, Ashford, Kent TN24 9QX UK.
Background:
In 2015 the Health and Care Professions Council (HCPC) reported that annotation of the register for podiatric surgery would improve the way in which risks are currently managed. The academic institutions provide the teaching environment for the 'learnt' Diploma in principles of podiatric surgery however the podiatric surgery departments facilitate the production of the next generation of podiatric surgeons. This research aimed to identify the major elements that contribute to the educational environment, and find and utilise a valid assessment tool which could identify discrete areas to be targeted for improvement as well as being used for monitoring of the environment.
Methods:
A quantitative study using the Surgical Theatre Educational Environment Measure (STEEM) via an online tool was utilised for podiatrists working within podiatric surgery, podiatric surgical trainees and podiatric surgeons working towards the Certificate of Completion of Podiatric Surgery Training (CCPST) with a view to assessing the educational environment within the podiatric surgical theatre in the UK.
Results:
16/33 responses with a response rate of 48.4% the overall STEEM mean score was 122/160. Four subscales included teaching and training, learning opportunities, atmosphere, and workload/supervision/support were measured. The overall mean score of 76.73% suggests the learning environment may be considered satisfactory; however, areas for potential improvement are identifiable. Results reveal strengths such as a non-discriminatory surgical theatre atmosphere on racial grounds.
Conclusions:
Perception was of a very satisfactory 'Atmosphere' within the theatre environment and a very satisfactory 'opportunity to assist' within the podiatric surgery theatre environment. The STEEM has potential to be applied further as a quality assessment tool whose results could be used to demonstrate part of the HCPC standards.
Related Concept Videos
Gene-Environment Interactions
Background and Environment Affect Phenotype
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
Types of Records II: Educational and Administrative Records
Avoidance Learning and Learned Helplessness
Avoidance learning occurs when an organism learns that a specific behavior can prevent an unpleasant outcome. For example, a student who receives a bad grade may start studying harder to avoid future poor grades. This behavior persists even when the negative outcome is no longer present. Avoidance learning is powerful because it maintains behavior in the absence of the...
Associative Learning
Classical conditioning, also known...

