Integrating a 92-Gene Expression Analysis for the Management of Neuroendocrine Tumors of Unknown Primary

Background: Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are rare tumors that can originate from any part of the body. Often, imaging or exploratory surgery can assist in the identification of the tumor primary site, which is critical to the management of the disease. Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) of unknown primary constitute approximately 10-15% of all NETs. Determining the original site of the tumor is critical to providing appropriate and effective treatment. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of neuroendocrine tumors at our institution between 2012 and 2016 using a 92-gene cancer ID analysis. Results: 56 patients with NETs of unknown primary were identified. Samples for 38 of the 56 underwent the 92-gene cancer ID analysis. The primary site of the tumor was identified with >95% certainty in 35 of the 38 patients. Conclusion: The 92-gene cancer ID analysis identified a primary site in 92% of our NETs study cohort that previously had been unknown. The results have direct implications on management of patients with regard to FDA-approved treatment options.