Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Immunotherapy
• Cellular Therapy

Background:

• Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR T-cell) therapy is a rapidly advancing treatment modality for hematological malignancies and solid tumors.
• Ongoing clinical trials are crucial for defining the therapeutic role of CAR T-cells.
• CAR T-cell infusion is associated with significant toxicities, primarily cytokine release syndrome and neurological symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the adverse events associated with CAR T-cell therapy.
• To discuss the pathophysiology of these toxicities.
• To outline management strategies based on the CARTOX working group recommendations.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of CAR T-cell therapy-associated toxicities.
• Analysis of physiopathology and clinical manifestations.
• Synthesis of management guidelines from the CARTOX working group.

Main Results:

• Cytokine release syndrome and neurological symptoms are the predominant toxicities following CAR T-cell infusion.
• These adverse events, though often reversible, can lead to significant patient morbidity and mortality.
• Established management protocols are essential for patient safety.

Conclusions:

• Effective management of CAR T-cell-associated toxicities is critical for successful therapeutic application.
• Understanding the pathophysiology aids in timely recognition and intervention.
• Adherence to expert guidelines, such as those from CARTOX, improves patient outcomes.