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Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Quantifying Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Type III Secretion System Activity Following Iron Starvation and Anaerobic Growth
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[BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF YERSINIA PSEUDOTUBERCULOSIS TOXINS].

N A Terentieva, N F Timchenko, V A Golotin

    Zhurnal Mikrobiologii, Epidemiologii I Immunobiologii
    |January 30, 2019
    PubMed
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    Yersinia pseudotuberculosis heat-labile (HLT) and thermostable (HST) toxins harm sea urchin embryos. HLT inhibits nucleic acid synthesis and kinase activity, while HST affects protein biosynthesis, revealing distinct toxic mechanisms.

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    Area of Science:

    • Marine Biology
    • Toxicology
    • Molecular Biology

    Background:

    • Yersinia pseudotuberculosis produces heat-labile (HLT) and thermostable (HST) lethal toxins.
    • These toxins can impact marine organisms, necessitating studies on their effects.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of HLT and HST from Yersinia pseudotuberculosis on sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus intermedius) embryos.
    • To analyze the impact on nucleic acid and protein biosynthesis and nucleoside-kinase activity in sea urchin embryos.

    Main Methods:

    • Isolation of HLT and HST from Yersinia pseudotuberculosis strains.
    • Exposure of sea urchin gametes and embryos to toxins.
    • Assessment of spermiotoxic effects, embryo development, nucleic acid and protein synthesis, and nucleoside-kinase activity.

    Main Results:

    • Both HLT and HST exhibited spermiotoxic effects and reduced fertilization ability.
    • HLT and HST caused severe morphological damage, developmental arrest, and death in sea urchin embryos, with HLT being more potent.
    • HLT inhibited DNA and RNA biosynthesis and nucleoside-kinase activity (thymidine- and uridine-kinase) at lower concentrations.
    • HST inhibited protein biosynthesis but did not affect nucleic acid synthesis or nucleoside-kinase activity.

    Conclusions:

    • Yersinia pseudotuberculosis toxins HLT and HST differentially affect sea urchin embryo development.
    • Distinct molecular mechanisms underlie the toxicity of HLT (nucleic acid synthesis, kinase inhibition) and HST (protein synthesis inhibition).