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[CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF VAC- CINATION OF CHILDREN AGAINST PNEUMOCOCCAL

A G Chuchalin, G G Onischenko, V P Kolosov

    Zhurnal Mikrobiologii, Epidemiologii I Immunobiologii
    |January 30, 2019
    PubMed

    Insights

    Anti-pneumococcal vaccination significantly reduced childhood illness rates, including pneumonia, by over 13% in flood-affected Amur Region areas. This vaccination program demonstrated high medical and socio-economic efficiency.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatrics
    • Epidemiology
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • Flooding in the Amur Region created conditions conducive to infectious disease outbreaks.
    • Children, particularly those with risk factors, are vulnerable to pneumococcal infections.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess the effectiveness of anti-pneumococcal vaccination as part of anti-epidemic measures in flood-affected areas.
    • To evaluate the impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (Prevenar-13) on childhood illnesses.

    Main Methods:

    • A monitoring program involved 4988 children aged 2-5 years with risk factors for pneumococcal infection.
    • Vaccination utilized Prevenar-13; data on acute respiratory infections, otitis media, pneumonia, and meningitis were collected post-vaccination.
    • Effectiveness was measured using indicators like the prophylactic vaccination coefficient and infection index.

    Main Results:

    • Total childhood morbidity decreased by 13.6% post-vaccination.
    • Pneumonia incidence dropped 2.3-fold, with a 14.6% reduction in total illness duration.
    • Antibiotic therapy courses decreased by 21.3%, hospital admissions by 38.4%, and parental temporary disability by 11.1%.

    Conclusions:

    • The anti-pneumococcal vaccination program demonstrated high medical and socio-economic efficiency in the Amur Region.
    • Implementation of clinical and epidemiological monitoring alongside vaccination is effective for preventing community-acquired pneumonia.
    Abstract

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