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Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder01:26

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Overexpressing Long Noncoding RNAs Using Gene-activating CRISPR
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Noncoding RNAs in alcoholic liver disease.

Hai-Di Li1,2,3,4, Xiao-Sa Du1,2,3,4, Hui-Min Huang1,2,3,4

  • 1The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.

Journal of Cellular Physiology
|February 1, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are key players in alcoholic liver disease (ALD) progression, impacting liver damage, inflammation, and fibrosis. These molecules show promise as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for ALD.

Keywords:
alcoholic liver diseasecircular RNAsexosomeslong noncoding RNAsmicroRNAsnoncoding RNAs

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) encompasses a range of liver damage, from steatohepatitis to cancer.
  • The molecular underpinnings of ALD and effective treatments remain incompletely understood.
  • Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs, are increasingly implicated in ALD pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the multifaceted roles of ncRNAs in the development and progression of alcoholic liver disease.
  • To explore the diagnostic potential of ncRNAs as biomarkers for ALD.
  • To discuss the therapeutic implications of targeting ncRNAs in ALD.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on ncRNAs in ALD.
  • Analysis of studies investigating miRNA, lncRNA, and circular RNA involvement.
  • Examination of circulating and exosome-derived ncRNAs in ALD.

Main Results:

  • Dysregulation of ncRNAs is linked to key ALD processes: hepatocyte damage, lipid metabolism disruption, inflammation, oxidative stress, cell death, fibrosis, and epigenetic changes.
  • Specific miRNAs, such as miRNA-122 and miRNA-155, show potential as diagnostic markers for hepatocyte injury and inflammation in ALD.
  • Emerging evidence highlights the significance of circulating and exosome-derived ncRNAs in ALD.

Conclusions:

  • ncRNAs are critically involved in the molecular mechanisms driving ALD.
  • ncRNAs represent promising biomarkers for ALD diagnosis and prognosis.
  • Targeting ncRNAs offers potential novel therapeutic strategies for alcoholic liver disease.