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    Researchers explored orbital angular momentum (OAM) in high-harmonic generation (HHG) from semiconductor crystals. They confirmed OAM transfer and created focused optical vortices using etched zinc oxide crystals.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Condensed Matter Physics
    • Quantum Optics

    Background:

    • Light beams with orbital angular momentum (OAM) have enabled advanced applications in quantum information and microscopy.
    • High-harmonic generation (HHG) in solids offers a promising route for integrated, high-flux, short-wavelength coherent light sources.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the transfer and conservation of OAM during high-harmonic generation in semiconductor crystals.
    • To engineer OAM beams using diffractive optics fabricated on crystal surfaces for generating focused optical vortices.

    Main Methods:

    • Verification of OAM transfer and conservation in the strong-field interaction regime between a generation laser and semiconductor crystals.
    • Fabrication of a spiral zone structure on a zinc oxide crystal surface to act as diffractive optics.
    • Generation and characterization of focused optical vortices with sub-micrometric dimensions.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated the successful transfer and conservation of OAM from the driving laser to the generated harmonics in HHG.
    • Successfully created OAM beams by employing surface-etched diffractive optics on a zinc oxide crystal.
    • Produced focused optical vortices with sub-micrometric sizes using the engineered diffractive optics.

    Conclusions:

    • High-harmonic generation in semiconductor crystals can effectively carry and conserve orbital angular momentum.
    • Surface-etched diffractive optics on crystals provide a method for generating structured light, specifically focused optical vortices.
    • This research paves the way for novel integrated light sources with tailored optical properties.