Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

24.2K
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
24.2K
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

4.0K
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
4.0K
Redox Titration: Other Oxidizing and Reducing Agents01:26

Redox Titration: Other Oxidizing and Reducing Agents

1.4K
Besides iodine, other oxidizing or reducing agents can serve as titrants in redox titrations. Common oxidizing titrants include KMnO4, cerium(IV), and K2Cr2O7. The choice of oxidizing titrants depends on factors like stability, cost, analyte strength, and reaction rate between the analyte and titrant. KMnO4 is a strong oxidizing titrant that reduces from Mn(VII) to Mn(II) in a highly acidic solution, simultaneously oxidizing the analyte to a higher oxidation state. In this case, KMnO4 acts as a...
1.4K
Base Excision Repair01:54

Base Excision Repair

26.3K
One of the common DNA damages is the chemical alteration of single bases by alkylation, oxidation, or deamination. The altered bases cause mispairing and strand breakage during replication. This type of damage causes minimal change to the DNA double helix structure and can be repaired by the base excision repair (BER) pathways. BER corrects damaged DNA sequences by removing the damaged base and restoring the original base sequence using the complementary strand as a template.
The first step of...
26.3K
Strong Acid and Base Solutions03:22

Strong Acid and Base Solutions

35.6K
A strong acid is a compound that dissociates completely in an aqueous solution and produces a concentration of hydronium ions equal to the initial concentration of acid. For example, 0.20 M hydrobromic acid will dissociate completely in water and produces 0.20 M of hydronium ions and 0.20 M of bromide ions.
35.6K
Oxidation Numbers03:14

Oxidation Numbers

42.5K
In redox reactions, the transfer of electrons occurs between reacting species. Electron transfer is described by a hypothetical number called the oxidation number (or oxidation state). It represents the effective charge of an atom or element, which is assigned using a set of rules.
42.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Research Code Sharing in Support of Gold Standard Science.

Journal of diabetes science and technology·2026
Same author

Cross-variant immune shield: computational multiepitope vaccine design against B.617.2 to Omicron sub-lineages in SARS-CoV-2.

Journal of biomolecular structure & dynamics·2025
Same author

van der Waals gap modulation of graphene oxide through mono-Boc ethylenediamine anchoring for superior Li-ion batteries.

Energy advances·2024
Same author

Cooperative Copper Single-Atom Catalyst in 2D Carbon Nitride for Enhanced CO<sub>2</sub> Electrolysis to Methane.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2023
Same author

Heteroatom Functionalization of H-Terminated Diamond Surfaces.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2023
Same author

Phase Stability of Hexagonal/Cubic Boron Nitride Nanocomposites.

Nano letters·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Scalable Syntheses of Graphene Oxide and Reduced Graphene Oxide using Cascade Design Oxidation and Highly Basic Reduction Reactions
08:57

Scalable Syntheses of Graphene Oxide and Reduced Graphene Oxide using Cascade Design Oxidation and Highly Basic Reduction Reactions

Published on: July 3, 2025

2.0K

Intracellular MicroRNA Quantification in Intact Cells: A Novel Strategy based on Reduced Graphene Oxide Based

Ramasamy Paulmurugan1, Pulickel M Ajayan2, Dorian Liepmann3

  • 1Cellular Pathway Imaging Laboratory (CPIL), Dept. of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 3155 Porter Drive, Suite 2236, Palo Alto, CA 94304.

MRS Communications
|February 2, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) shows promise for quantifying microRNAs, even within cells. This graphene nanomaterial could enable new diagnostic tools for clinical applications.

More Related Videos

Visible-light Induced Reduction of Graphene Oxide Using Plasmonic Nanoparticle
07:24

Visible-light Induced Reduction of Graphene Oxide Using Plasmonic Nanoparticle

Published on: September 22, 2015

14.8K
Fabrication of Three-Dimensional Graphene-Based Polyhedrons via Origami-Like Self-Folding
14:52

Fabrication of Three-Dimensional Graphene-Based Polyhedrons via Origami-Like Self-Folding

Published on: September 23, 2018

9.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Scalable Syntheses of Graphene Oxide and Reduced Graphene Oxide using Cascade Design Oxidation and Highly Basic Reduction Reactions
08:57

Scalable Syntheses of Graphene Oxide and Reduced Graphene Oxide using Cascade Design Oxidation and Highly Basic Reduction Reactions

Published on: July 3, 2025

2.0K
Visible-light Induced Reduction of Graphene Oxide Using Plasmonic Nanoparticle
07:24

Visible-light Induced Reduction of Graphene Oxide Using Plasmonic Nanoparticle

Published on: September 22, 2015

14.8K
Fabrication of Three-Dimensional Graphene-Based Polyhedrons via Origami-Like Self-Folding
14:52

Fabrication of Three-Dimensional Graphene-Based Polyhedrons via Origami-Like Self-Folding

Published on: September 23, 2018

9.4K

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Molecular Diagnostics

Background:

  • Nanomaterials offer unique advantages in biosensing, imaging, and drug delivery.
  • Graphene's properties allow for functionalization into protein transducers, drug delivery systems, and diagnostic tools.
  • MicroRNAs are crucial biomarkers for various clinical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as a nanomaterial for microRNA quantification.
  • To assess rGO's capability in determining microRNA structural differentiation.
  • To investigate rGO's performance in both cell-free solutions and intact cells.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as the core nanomaterial.
  • Performed microRNA quantification assays.
  • Investigated microRNA structural differentiation.
  • Tested nanomaterial performance in vitro and within intact cells.

Main Results:

  • Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) demonstrated efficacy in quantifying microRNAs.
  • The study confirmed rGO's ability to differentiate microRNA structures.
  • Successful quantification was achieved both in solution and inside living cells.

Conclusions:

  • Graphene nanomaterials, specifically rGO, show significant potential for microRNA quantification.
  • rGO can be utilized for detecting microRNA structural features.
  • This research supports the development of graphene-based platforms for microRNA detection in clinical diagnostics.