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Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Bioluminescence Imaging to Detect Late Stage Infection of African Trypanosomiasis
Published on: May 18, 2016
Human African Trypanosomiasis: Progress and Stagnation
Emmanuel Bottieau1, Jan Clerinx1
1Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat 155, Antwerpen 2000, Belgium.
Abstract:
Control efforts have considerably reduced the prevalence of human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) due to Trypanosoma brucei gambiense in West/Central Africa and to Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense in East Africa. Management of T brucei gambiense HAT has recently improved, with new antibody-based rapid diagnostic tests suited for mass screening and clinical care, and simpler treatments, including the nifurtimox-eflornithine combination therapy and the new oral drug fexinidazole to treat the second stage of the disease. In contrast, no major advance has been achieved for the treatment of T brucei rhodesiense HAT, a zoonosis that occasionally affects short-term travelers to endemic areas.
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