Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Principles of Disease Surveillance01:26

Principles of Disease Surveillance

540
Disease surveillance is the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. This process integrates data dissemination to entities responsible for preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Surveillance systems provide crucial information for action, helping public health authorities make informed decisions to manage and prevent outbreaks, ensure public safety, optimize...
540
The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

7.6K
The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
7.6K
Immune Surveillance by NK Cells and Phagocytes01:25

Immune Surveillance by NK Cells and Phagocytes

8.6K
Immune surveillance is an integral part of the innate immune system, involving the continuous monitoring of peripheral tissues to detect and respond to pathogens, infected cells, or cancerous cells. This surveillance is conducted primarily by natural killer (NK) cells and phagocytes, which employ distinct but complementary mechanisms to identify and eliminate threats.
Natural Killer Cells: The Fast Responders
NK cells are large granular lymphocytes found in the blood and lymphatic system. These...
8.6K
Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

Functions of Thyroid Hormones

5.6K
The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
5.6K
Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

7.8K
Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
7.8K
Implicit Differentiation01:25

Implicit Differentiation

49
In classical mechanics, motion is often described through relationships between spatial coordinates and time. A car moving along a straight highway with constant acceleration serves as a simple case where velocity is an explicit function of time. This scenario results in a linear equation, enabling straightforward analysis using basic differentiation techniques.In contrast, a satellite in circular orbit follows a path defined by an implicit function. The position of the satellite is constrained...
49

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Combination Radiopharmaceutical Therapy and Radiotherapy for Thyroid Cancer: Dosimetry-Driven Precision Medicine.

Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine·2025
Same author

Genetic modification of the AJCC classification of papillary thyroid cancer: an international, multicentre, retrospective cohort study.

The Lancet. Oncology·2025
Same author

Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate Variability and Incident Heart Failure in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes.

JACC. Advances·2025
Same author

Visit-to-Visit Variability in Lipid Levels and Risk of Incident Heart Failure in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes.

Diabetes care·2025
Same author

Current and Emerging Radiotracers and Technologies for Detection of Advanced Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: A Narrative Review.

Cancers·2025
Same author

Obesity prediction: Novel machine learning insights into waist circumference accuracy.

Diabetes & metabolic syndrome·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Identification and Protection of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve during Transoral Robotic Thyroidectomy
05:25

Identification and Protection of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve during Transoral Robotic Thyroidectomy

Published on: October 24, 2025

521

Surveillance for Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Recurrence.

Prasanna Santhanam1, Paul W Ladenson2

  • 1Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 5501 Hopkins Bayview Circle, Suite 3 B 73, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.

Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America
|February 6, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Monitoring differentiated thyroid cancer involves serum thyroglobulin tests and imaging. Radioiodine scans are crucial for suspected metastases, while neck ultrasound is best for low-to-moderate risk cases.

Keywords:
Cancer recurrenceDifferentiated thyroid cancerSerum thyroglobulin monitoringThyroid cancer imaging

More Related Videos

Spontaneous Murine Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer
05:39

Spontaneous Murine Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer

Published on: February 3, 2023

2.3K
Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer
03:55

Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer

Published on: June 9, 2023

1.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Identification and Protection of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve during Transoral Robotic Thyroidectomy
05:25

Identification and Protection of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve during Transoral Robotic Thyroidectomy

Published on: October 24, 2025

521
Spontaneous Murine Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer
05:39

Spontaneous Murine Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer

Published on: February 3, 2023

2.3K
Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer
03:55

Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer

Published on: June 9, 2023

1.0K

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Nuclear Medicine
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) requires lifelong surveillance after initial treatment to detect recurrence or metastasis.
  • Serum thyroglobulin (Tg) levels and imaging are cornerstones of post-treatment DTC management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the roles of various diagnostic modalities in the surveillance of differentiated thyroid cancer patients.
  • To guide the appropriate use of imaging and serum thyroglobulin testing in DTC follow-up.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current guidelines and literature on DTC surveillance strategies.
  • Discussion of the utility of serum thyroglobulin, neck ultrasonography, radioiodine scans, CT, MRI, and 18F-FDG PET in different clinical scenarios.

Main Results:

  • Serum thyroglobulin monitoring combined with imaging is vital for DTC surveillance.
  • Radioiodine whole-body scans are essential for patients with disease stage justifying remnant ablation or suspected metastases.
  • Neck ultrasonography with serum thyroglobulin is the primary diagnostic approach for low-to-moderate risk DTC, often sufficient for follow-up.

Conclusions:

  • The choice of surveillance modality in differentiated thyroid cancer depends on the initial risk stratification and clinical suspicion of recurrence.
  • Advanced imaging like CT, MRI, and 18F-FDG PET are valuable for localizing distant metastases and monitoring treatment response when indicated.