Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 29, 2026
07:56
A Standardized Method for Measurement of Elbow Kinesthesia
Published on: October 10, 2020
7.9K
Surgery for tennis elbow: a systematic review.
Marcus Bateman1, Chris Littlewood2, Beth Rawson3
1Orthopaedic Department, Derby Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Derby, UK.
Shoulder & Elbow
|February 6, 2019
Summary
Surgery for tennis elbow (lateral epicondylitis) shows no superior effectiveness compared to non-surgical options. Current evidence is limited by poor study quality, necessitating high-quality trials for tennis elbow treatment guidance.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Sports Medicine
- Evidence-Based Medicine
Background:
- Tennis elbow treatment lacks consensus, with rising surgical rates in the USA unsupported by robust research.
- This systematic review addresses the need for an updated, balanced perspective on randomized controlled trials for tennis elbow.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on tennis elbow treatments.
- To provide an evidence-based update on the efficacy of surgical versus non-surgical interventions for tennis elbow.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive electronic and hand searches of multiple databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, etc.).
- Risk of bias assessment using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool.
- Narrative synthesis of data due to heterogeneity, based on evidence levels.
Main Results:
- Twelve studies of poor methodological quality were included in the review.
- Surgical interventions for tennis elbow were found to be no more effective than non-surgical and sham interventions.
- Modified surgical techniques may offer benefits but lack placebo-controlled validation.
Conclusions:
- Current evidence suggests surgery is not more effective than conservative treatment for tennis elbow, despite methodological limitations.
- High-quality, placebo-controlled surgical trials with conservative arms are needed to guide clinical practice for recalcitrant cases.
Related Concept Videos
01:10Review and Preview
8.4K
In statistics, several tools are used to interpret the data. Measures of central tendency represent the characteristics of the data, such as mean, median, and mode. Additionally, measures of variance like standard deviation and range are used to find the spread of data from the mean. Relative standing measures the distance between data locations. Commonly used measures of relative standings are percentile, z score, and quartiles.
Percentiles are a type of fractile that partition data into...
Percentiles are a type of fractile that partition data into...
8.4K
01:13Review and Preview
11.2K
Data are individual items of information obtained from a population or sample. Data may be classified as qualitative (categorical), quantitative continuous, or quantitative discrete. Because it is not practical to measure the entire population in a study, researchers use samples to represent the population. A random sample is a representative group from the population chosen by using a method that gives each individual in the population an equal chance of being included in the sample. Random...
11.2K
01:20Random and Systematic Errors
14.9K
Scientists always try their best to record measurements with the utmost accuracy and precision. However, sometimes errors do occur. These errors can be random or systematic. Random errors are observed due to the inconsistency or fluctuation in the measurement process, or variations in the quantity itself that is being measured. Such errors fluctuate from being greater than or less than the true value in repeated measurements. Consider a scientist measuring the length of an earthworm using a...
14.9K
01:17Systematic Sampling Method
13.0K
Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the population. Data are the result of sampling from a population. The sampling method ensures that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest.
Systematic sampling is one of the simplest methods...
Systematic sampling is one of the simplest methods...
13.0K
01:10Propagation of Uncertainty from Systematic Error
1.5K
The atomic mass of an element varies due to the relative ratio of its isotopes. A sample's relative proportion of oxygen isotopes influences its average atomic mass. For instance, if we were to measure the atomic mass of oxygen from a sample, the mass would be a weighted average of the isotopic masses of oxygen in that sample. Since a single sample is not likely to perfectly reflect the true atomic mass of oxygen for all the molecules of oxygen on Earth, the mass we obtain from this...
1.5K
01:15Systematic Error: Methodological and Sampling Errors
11.0K
In the case of systematic errors, the sources can be identified, and the errors can be subsequently minimized by addressing these sources. According to the source, systematic errors can be divided into sampling, instrumental, methodological, and personal errors.
Sampling errors originate from improper sampling methods or the wrong sample population. These errors can be minimized by refining the sampling strategy. Defective instruments or faulty calibrations are the sources of instrumental...
Sampling errors originate from improper sampling methods or the wrong sample population. These errors can be minimized by refining the sampling strategy. Defective instruments or faulty calibrations are the sources of instrumental...
11.0K