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Related Concept Videos

pH Scale02:41

pH Scale

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Hydronium and hydroxide ions are present both in pure water and in all aqueous solutions, and their concentrations are inversely proportional as determined by the ion product of water (Kw). The concentrations of these ions in a solution are often critical determinants of the solution’s properties and the chemical behaviors of its other solutes. Two different solutions can differ in their hydronium or hydroxide ion concentrations by a million, billion, or even trillion times. A common means of...
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Phase Diagrams

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A phase diagram combines plots of pressure versus temperature for the liquid-gas, solid-liquid, and solid-gas phase-transition equilibria of a substance. These diagrams indicate the physical states that exist under specific conditions of pressure and temperature and also provide the pressure dependence of the phase-transition temperatures (melting points, sublimation points, boiling points). Regions or areas labeled solid, liquid, and gas represent single phases, while lines or curves represent...
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Phase Transitions02:31

Phase Transitions

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Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to...
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Scaling01:26

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In designing and analyzing filters, resonant circuits, or circuit analysis at large, working with standard element values like 1 ohm, 1 henry, or 1 farad can be convenient before scaling these values to more realistic figures. This approach is widely utilized by not employing realistic element values in numerous examples and problems; it simplifies mastering circuit analysis through convenient component values. The complexity of calculations is thereby reduced, with the understanding that...
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Inductance: Single-Phase And Three-Phase Line01:28

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Understanding the inductance of transmission lines is crucial for efficient design and operation in electrical power systems. This discussion delves into the inductance characteristics of single-phase two-wire and three-phase three-wire transmission lines with equal phase spacing.
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In electrical power systems, understanding the capacitance of transmission lines is fundamental for efficient operation.
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Characterization of SiN Integrated Optical Phased Arrays on a Wafer-Scale Test Station
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Ghost imaging using a large-scale silicon photonic phased array chip.

Yusuke Kohno, Kento Komatsu, Rui Tang

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    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study shows a silicon chip can create light patterns for ghost imaging (GI). The compact optical phased array (OPA) chip achieves high-resolution imaging, paving the way for faster, cheaper GI devices.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics
    • Optical Imaging
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Ghost imaging (GI) traditionally requires complex setups.
    • Developing compact, cost-effective illumination sources is crucial for wider GI adoption.
    • Silicon photonics offers a platform for integrated optical devices.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate a silicon-photonic optical phased array (OPA) as a novel light source for ghost imaging (GI).
    • To assess the resolution and imaging capabilities of the OPA-based GI system.
    • To explore the potential for ultrahigh-speed and low-cost single-chip GI devices.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a 128-phase shifter silicon-photonic OPA chip.
    • Drove phase shifters with rapidly changing random electrical signals.
    • Employed wavelength sweeping for two-dimensional imaging.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully retrieved a slit pattern with over 90 resolvable points in 1D.
    • Demonstrated 2D imaging capability through wavelength sweeping.
    • The OPA chip proved to be a compact and effective illumination device.

    Conclusions:

    • A silicon-photonic OPA chip can serve as a compact, low-cost, high-speed illuminator for GI.
    • This technology enables high-resolution 1D and 2D imaging.
    • Integration potential on a single silicon platform points to future ultrahigh-speed, low-cost single-chip GI devices.