Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Drug Concentration Versus Time Correlation01:15

Drug Concentration Versus Time Correlation

2.1K
The plasma drug concentration-time curve is a crucial tool in pharmacokinetics, representing the drug's concentration in plasma at different time intervals post-administration. This curve illustrates the drug's journey from absorption into the systemic circulation, distribution to body tissues, and eventual elimination through excretion or biotransformation.
Two pivotal parameters are the minimum effective concentration (MEC) and the minimum toxic concentration (MTC). The MEC is the...
2.1K
Correlations02:20

Correlations

35.8K
Correlation means that there is a relationship between two or more variables (such as ice cream consumption and crime), but this relationship does not necessarily imply cause and effect. When two variables are correlated, it simply means that as one variable changes, so does the other. We can measure correlation by calculating a statistic known as a correlation coefficient. A correlation coefficient is a number from -1 to +1 that indicates the strength and direction of the relationship between...
35.8K
Correlation and Causation01:27

Correlation and Causation

42.4K
Statistical tests can calculate whether there is a relationship, or correlation, between independent and dependent variables. An indirect relationship of the variables signifies a correlation, while a direct relationship shows causation. If it is determined that no connection exists between the variables, then the correlation is a coincidence.
Correlation versus Causation
If the dependent variable increases or decreases when the independent variable increases, there is a positive or negative...
42.4K
Correlation01:09

Correlation

15.1K
In statistics, two variables are said to be correlated if the values of one variable are associated with the other variable. Depending on the relationship between two variables, correlation can be of three types– positive correlation, negative correlation, and zero correlation.
Two variables, for example, a and b, are said to be positively correlated if both variables move in the same direction. In other words, a positive correlation exists between two variables, a and b, if:
15.1K
Correlation and Regression00:53

Correlation and Regression

3.4K
In statistics, correlation describes the degree of association between two variables. In the subfield of linear regression, correlation is mathematically expressed by the correlation coefficient, which describes the strength and direction of the relationship between two variables. The coefficient is symbolically represented by 'r' and ranges from -1 to +1. A positive value indicates a positive correlation where the two variables move in the same direction. A negative value suggests a...
3.4K
Coefficient of Correlation01:12

Coefficient of Correlation

8.6K
The correlation coefficient, r, developed by Karl Pearson in the early 1900s, is numerical and provides a measure of strength and direction of the linear association between the independent variable x and the dependent variable y.
If you suspect a linear relationship between x and y, then r can measure how strong the linear relationship is.
What the VALUE of r tells us:
The value of r is always between –1 and +1: –1 ≤ r ≤ 1.
The size of the correlation r indicates the...
8.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Numerical evidence for the non-Abelian eigenstate thermalization hypothesis.

Physical review. E·2026
Same author

Quantum benchmarking of high-fidelity noise-biased operations on a detuned Kerr-cat qubit.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

Quantum Thermodynamics of Nonequilibrium Processes in Lattice Gauge Theories.

Physical review letters·2025
Same author

Key issues review: useful autonomous quantum machines.

Reports on progress in physics. Physical Society (Great Britain)·2024
Same author

Estimation of Hamiltonian Parameters from Thermal States.

Physical review letters·2024
Same author

Quantum Steampunk.

Scientific American·2024
Same journal

Erratum: Bacterial Turbulence at Compressible Fluid Interfaces [Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 138301 (2026)].

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Unveiling Light-Quark Yukawa Flavor Structure via Dihadron Fragmentation at Lepton Colliders.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Adaptable Route to Fast Coherent State Transport via Bang-Bang-Bang Protocols.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Topological Transition and Emergence of Elasticity of Dislocation in Skyrmion Lattice: Beyond Kittel's Magnetic-Polar Analogy.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Pound-Drever-Hall Method for Superconducting-Qubit Readout.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Coupling a ^{73}Ge Nuclear Spin to an Electrostatically Defined Quantum Dot in Silicon.

Physical review letters·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Real-time Video Projection in an MRI for Characterization of Neural Correlates Associated with Mirror Therapy for Phantom Limb Pain
11:29

Real-time Video Projection in an MRI for Characterization of Neural Correlates Associated with Mirror Therapy for Phantom Limb Pain

Published on: April 20, 2019

10.3K

Out-of-Time-Ordered-Correlator Quasiprobabilities Robustly Witness Scrambling.

José Raúl González Alonso1, Nicole Yunger Halpern2, Justin Dressel1,3

  • 1Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, Orange, California 92866, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|February 16, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nonclassical negativity in quasiprobability distributions (QPDs) offers a more sensitive measure of quantum information scrambling than out-of-time-ordered correlators (OTOCs). This QPD negativity is robust against decoherence, making it ideal for open quantum systems.

More Related Videos

High-throughput, Robust and Highly Time-flexible Method for Surface Sterilization of Arabidopsis Seeds
07:28

High-throughput, Robust and Highly Time-flexible Method for Surface Sterilization of Arabidopsis Seeds

Published on: October 4, 2021

3.9K
Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Emotion Regulation
14:04

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Emotion Regulation

Published on: August 26, 2011

13.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Real-time Video Projection in an MRI for Characterization of Neural Correlates Associated with Mirror Therapy for Phantom Limb Pain
11:29

Real-time Video Projection in an MRI for Characterization of Neural Correlates Associated with Mirror Therapy for Phantom Limb Pain

Published on: April 20, 2019

10.3K
High-throughput, Robust and Highly Time-flexible Method for Surface Sterilization of Arabidopsis Seeds
07:28

High-throughput, Robust and Highly Time-flexible Method for Surface Sterilization of Arabidopsis Seeds

Published on: October 4, 2021

3.9K
Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Emotion Regulation
14:04

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Emotion Regulation

Published on: August 26, 2011

13.0K

Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Computing

Background:

  • Out-of-time-ordered correlators (OTOCs) are key indicators of quantum information scrambling.
  • Their utility in open quantum systems, subject to decoherence, remains an active research question.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate alternative, more robust witnesses for quantum scrambling in realistic open systems.
  • To compare the sensitivity of OTOCs with quasiprobability distribution (QPD) negativity for detecting scrambling.

Main Methods:

  • Numerical simulations of spin-chain dynamics.
  • Implementation of interferometric, quantum-clock, and weak-measurement protocols for OTOC measurement.
  • Analysis of quasiprobability distribution (QPD) negativity as a scrambling witness.

Main Results:

  • The nonclassical negativity of the QPD is a more sensitive indicator of scrambling than the OTOC itself.
  • QPD nonclassical features exhibit timescales robust to decoherence.
  • This QPD negativity is immune to false positives arising from decoherence.

Conclusions:

  • Nonclassical QPD negativity provides a superior, decoherence-resilient witness for quantum information scrambling.
  • This finding has implications for experimental quantum information processing, particularly on platforms like superconducting qubits and trapped ions.