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Recent Advances in 2D Inorganic Nanomaterials for SERS Sensing
Padmanathan Karthick Kannan1, Prabakaran Shankar2,3, Chris Blackman4
1School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
Two-dimensional inorganic nanomaterials significantly enhance surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) for sensitive chemical detection. This review details their application in SERS-based chemical sensors, highlighting advancements and future directions.
Area of Science:
- Analytical Chemistry
- Materials Science
- Nanotechnology
Background:
- Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a sensitive analytical technique used for chemical and biomolecule analysis and environmental monitoring.
- Various materials, including noble metals and nanostructured materials, have been utilized as SERS substrates since the 1970s.
- Two-dimensional (2D) inorganic nanomaterials offer unique thickness-dependent properties ideal for SERS-based chemical sensors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present recent advances in using 2D inorganic nanomaterials for chemical detection via SERS.
- To comprehensively discuss the theory, sensing mechanisms, and substrate materials for SERS.
- To explain the role of 2D nanomaterials in SERS enhancement for chemical detection.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent literature on 2D inorganic nanomaterials in SERS.
- Discussion of SERS basic theory and sensing mechanisms.
- Analysis of various nanomaterials (graphene, boron nitride, metal oxides, transition metal chalcogenides) as SERS substrates.
Main Results:
- 2D inorganic nanomaterials exhibit enhanced charge-transfer processes beneficial for SERS.
- Graphene, boron nitride, semiconducting metal oxides, and transition metal chalcogenides are effective 2D nanomaterials for SERS.
- These materials show significant potential for sensitive chemical detection applications.
Conclusions:
- 2D inorganic nanomaterials are crucial for advancing SERS technology.
- Further development guidelines are provided for the future of 2D nanomaterial-based SERS.
- This field holds promise for highly sensitive and selective chemical sensing.
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Overview of Advanced Functional Groups
Functional groups are groups of atoms with specific chemical properties that occur within organic molecules and are sometimes denoted as “R”. Functional groups can “functionalize” a compound by enabling it to adopt different physical and chemical properties.
Types of Advanced Functional Groups
The table below summarizes some of the major functional groups in organic chemistry.

