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Human Cooperation When Acting Through Autonomous Machines.

Celso M de Melo1, Stacy Marsella2, Jonathan Gratch3

  • 1Sensors and Electron Devices Directorate, US Army Research Laboratory, Playa Vista, CA 90094-2536; celso.miguel.de.melo@gmail.com.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|February 28, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Programming autonomous vehicles (AVs) encourages more cooperative behavior by reducing the salience of short-term self-interest. This shift promotes consideration of broader societal goals, influencing human decision-making in social dilemmas.

Keywords:
autonomous vehiclescooperationsocial dilemmas

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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Economics
  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Artificial Intelligence Ethics

Background:

  • Autonomous vehicles (AVs) are increasingly prevalent, raising questions about their impact on human decision-making in social dilemmas.
  • It remains unclear if delegating actions to machines alters the balance between self-interest and collective interest.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how acting through autonomous machines influences human choices in social dilemmas.
  • To determine if programming AVs leads to more cooperative or selfish behavior compared to direct human control.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental design involving participants programming autonomous vehicles.
  • Comparison of cooperative choices made via AV programming versus direct driving.
  • Analysis of factors influencing programmed behavior, including past experiences.

Main Results:

  • Participants programmed their AVs to act more cooperatively than when driving themselves.
  • Programming AVs reduces the salience of short-term selfish rewards, promoting focus on societal goals.
  • Programmed behavior is demonstrably influenced by prior experiences.

Conclusions:

  • Delegating tasks to autonomous machines can shift human behavior towards greater cooperation.
  • The design of autonomous systems can be leveraged to encourage pro-social outcomes.
  • Findings have implications for developing AI that fosters a more cooperative society.