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Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia: An Emerging Epidemic
Paradi Mirmirani1,2,3, Antonella Tosti4, Lynne Goldberg5
1Department of Dermatology, The Permanente Medical Group, Vallejo, California, USA.
Skin Appendage Disorders
|March 1, 2019
Summary
Frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) is increasingly reported, with publications rising significantly since 1994. This trend suggests FFA may be an emerging epidemic, possibly triggered by environmental factors.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Epidemiology
- Hair Biology
Background:
- Frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) was first described in 1994.
- While precise incidence and prevalence data are lacking, a notable increase in reported cases is observed.
- This rise prompts investigation into whether FFA constitutes an emerging epidemic.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze trends in medical literature concerning frontal fibrosing alopecia.
- To assess the potential for FFA to be classified as an emerging epidemic based on publication and case reporting frequency.
Main Methods:
- Performed a Medline trend analysis of publications using keywords related to alopecia and cicatricial hair loss from 1905 to 2016.
- Conducted a literature review to track the number of reported FFA cases.
- Analyzed data from a multi-center hair-referral collaboration study from 2006-2016.
Main Results:
- Medline publications on FFA increased from 1 (0.229%) in 1994 to 44 (3.5%) in 2016.
- The number of patients reported in FFA cohorts has also dramatically increased.
- A significant rise in new FFA diagnoses was observed in a multi-center study between 2006 and 2016.
Conclusions:
- The frequency of reported frontal fibrosing alopecia cases has risen substantially since its initial description.
- The observed increase in FFA diagnoses suggests it may be an emerging epidemic.
- Potential environmental or toxic factors are speculated as triggers for this rise in hair loss.
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