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Related Concept Videos

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Batteries and Fuel Cells

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A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...
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Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
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Ionic radius is the measure used to describe the size of an ion. A cation always has fewer electrons and the same number of protons as the parent atom; it is smaller than the atom from which it is derived. For example, the covalent radius of an aluminum atom (1s22s22p63s23p1) is 118 pm, whereas the ionic radius of an Al3+ (1s22s22p6) is 68 pm. As electrons are removed from the outer valence shell, the remaining core electrons occupying smaller shells experience a greater effective nuclear...
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Overview
When atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration they form ions. Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between ions with opposite charges. Ionic compounds are rigid and brittle when solid and may dissociate into their constituent ions in water. Covalent compounds, by contrast, remain intact unless a chemical reaction breaks them.
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Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
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Solubility is the measure of the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given quantity of solvent at a given temperature and pressure. Solubility is usually measured in molarity (M) or moles per liter (mol/L). A compound is termed soluble if it dissolves in water.
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Transparent Bendable Secondary Zinc-Air Batteries by Controlled Void Ionic Separators.

Ohchan Kwon1, Ho Jung Hwang2, Yunseong Ji1

  • 1Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 262 Seongsanno, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-749, South Korea.

Scientific Reports
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Summary

Researchers developed the first transparent, flexible secondary zinc-air batteries. These novel batteries utilize a stainless-steel mesh current collector and achieve stable power output while maintaining optical transparency.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Development of transparent and flexible energy storage devices is a growing area of research.
  • Existing battery technologies often lack the optical transparency and mechanical flexibility required for novel applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To fabricate the first transparent and flexible secondary zinc-air batteries.
  • To investigate the correlation between material dimensions and the optical properties of the battery.
  • To evaluate the electrochemical performance and stability of the developed transparent batteries.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized transparent stainless-steel mesh as a current collector for both anode and cathode.
  • Electroplated zinc onto the mesh for the anode and spray-coated catalyst ink for the cathode.
  • Incorporated an anionic exchange polymer layer as a separator with controlled voids for light passage and electrical insulation.

Main Results:

  • Achieved an average light transmittance of 48.8% in the visible light spectrum.
  • Demonstrated a maximum power density of 9.77 mW/cm².
  • The fabricated batteries exhibited both transparency and flexibility with stable charge/discharge cycling.

Conclusions:

  • Successfully fabricated the first transparent, flexible secondary zinc-air batteries.
  • The unique separator design enabled simultaneous light passage and electrical insulation.
  • The developed batteries offer promising potential for integration into various transparent electronic devices.