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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
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Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a phenomenon exhibited by certain nuclei that can absorb characteristic radio frequency radiation under certain conditions. NMR has been extensively applied in molecular spectroscopy and medical diagnostic imaging. In both these applications, the molecule or subject under study is placed in a magnetic field and irradiated with radio frequency energy.
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IR spectra are divided into two main regions: the diagnostic region and the fingerprint region. The diagnostic region of the spectrum lies above 1500 cm−1. The absorptions resulting from single-bond vibrations of the N–H, C–H, and O–H stretch at higher wavenumbers and appear on the left side of the spectrum. The stretching absorptions of the C≡C and C≡N occur between 2100–2300 cm−1. In contrast, those arising from stretching absorptions of the...
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Partial volume mapping using magnetic resonance fingerprinting.

Anagha Deshmane1, Debra F McGivney2, Dan Ma2

  • 1Magnetic Resonance Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tuebingen, Germany.

NMR in Biomedicine
|March 2, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF) enables accurate partial volume estimation in the brain. This quantitative imaging technique reliably identifies tissue fractions, crucial for understanding subtle changes in tissue composition.

Keywords:
quantitative MRItissue fractionstissue mapping

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Area of Science:

  • Quantitative imaging
  • Biomedical engineering
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF) is an advanced quantitative imaging technique.
  • It maps tissue properties using pseudorandom signal excitation and dictionary-based reconstruction.
  • Accurate tissue characterization is vital in various neurological applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate and validate partial volume (PV) quantification using MRF signal evolutions (PV-MRF).
  • To identify and characterize potential sources of error in PV-MRF.
  • To compare different PV-MRF approaches for calculating brain tissue fractions.

Main Methods:

  • Comparison of partial volume model inversion (pseudoinverse) and dictionary-matching methods.
  • Validation using a numerical phantom and seven healthy subjects at 3T.
  • In vivo validation through region of interest (ROI) analysis and simulations investigating noise, undersampling, and model errors.
  • Exploration of an expanded partial volume model in a brain tumor patient.

Main Results:

  • Dictionary-matching PV-MRF demonstrated robustness against noise.
  • Estimated tissue fractions were sensitive to model errors, with a 6% T1 error causing <=4% tissue fraction error.
  • Semi-automated in vivo PV model construction was feasible using k-means clustering of MRF relaxation times.
  • PV-MRF successfully identified pure white matter, gray matter, cerebrospinal fluid, and subcortical partial volumes.
  • PV-MRF also estimated partial volumes of solid tumor and peritumoral edema.

Conclusions:

  • PV-MRF, particularly with dictionary matching, is a robust method for quantifying tissue fractions.
  • The technique can attribute subtle relaxation time changes to altered tissue composition.
  • PV-MRF enables quantification of specific tissues within a voxel, including in pathological conditions like brain tumors.