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Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Extracellular Glucose Depletion as an Indirect Measure of Glucose Uptake in Cells and Tissues Ex Vivo
Published on: April 6, 2022
Uptake and Depletion of Particulate-Associated Polioviruses by the Soft Shell Clam
Theodore G Metcalf1, Daniel Eckerson1, Ellen Moulton1
1Department of Microbiology, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824 and Virology Branch, Division of Microbiology, Food and Drug Administration, Cincinnati, Ohio 45226.
Abstract:
Human viruses present in shellfish harvesting waters are probably in a particulate or feces-associated state, and are of a low order of magnitude. Under simulated conditions, shellfish were exposed to 5- to 10-fold higher virus concentrations than have ever been detected in New Hampshire estuary waters and examined. Usually less than 10 viruses were bioaccumulated by each soft shell clam, and when the shellfish were allowed to depurate in clean water, viruses were eliminated in 48 to 72 h. A small percentage of the shellfish did not depurate completely, a shellfish characteristic consistently found which is probably related to irregular feeding activity. Depuration or relaying of shellfish should reduce microbial contamination, but there is no guarantee that all shellfish will be virus-free.
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