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Rice Blast Epidemics Initiated by Infested Rice Grain on the Soil Surface.

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Infested rice grain inoculum from a marked Pyricularia grisea strain can initiate and sustain rice blast epidemics, causing leaf, collar, and neck symptoms. Disease development was similar to the wild-type strain.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Pathology
  • Mycology
  • Agricultural Science

Background:

  • Rice blast, caused by Pyricularia grisea, is a significant threat to global rice production.
  • Understanding inoculum sources and disease dynamics is crucial for effective management strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if inoculum from infested rice grain can cause primary infections and sustain rice blast epidemics.
  • To evaluate the role of infested grain as an inoculum source for Pyricularia grisea.

Main Methods:

  • Field experiments using a marked sulfate nonutilizing (sul) mutant strain of Pyricularia grisea.
  • Application of infested rice grains at varying densities to soil surface at plant emergence.
  • Monitoring disease incidence, symptom development (leaf, collar, neck), and isolation of the marked strain from lesions.

Main Results:

  • Leaf blast symptoms appeared 35 days after plant emergence in plots with infested grain.
  • The sul mutant was re-isolated from over 90% of sampled lesions.
  • Higher inoculum densities led to more rapid disease increase; disease development mirrored the wild-type strain.

Conclusions:

  • Infested rice grain serves as a viable inoculum source for initiating and sustaining rice blast epidemics.
  • The marked strain's disease development was comparable to the wild-type, validating its use in field studies.
  • This highlights the importance of managing infested rice debris to control rice blast.