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Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Transesophageal Atrial Burst Pacing for Atrial Fibrillation Induction in Rats
Published on: February 14, 2022
Maximizing biventricular pacing in patients with rate-controlled atrial fibrillation using ventricular sense response
Mauricio Montemezzo1, Ahmed AlTurki1, Vidal Essebag1
1Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Abstract:
In patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is challenging because the ventricular rate of conducted AF exceeds the biventricular pacing rate. In the current report, we present a patient who received a CRT device that was programmed to ventricular sense response (VSR) on with VVI 40 beats per minute to allow the AF to be paced as fusion beats. We found that the pacing configuration resulting in the narrowest QRS in this patient was VVI 40 with VSR biventricular fusion pacing during AF. VSR mode allows for CRT delivery without the need to artificially increase heart rate.
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