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Sources of breathing pattern variability in the respiratory feedback control loop.

Jacek Jaworski1, Jason H T Bates2

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Breathing pattern variability may offer diagnostic insights. Computational models show increased lung resistance and impaired gas exchange significantly alter breathing patterns, suggesting these variations reflect deterministic control processes.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Respiratory physiology
  • Computational modeling
  • Systems biology

Background:

  • Breath-to-breath breathing pattern variability may contain significant physiological and diagnostic information.
  • Alterations in breathing patterns are observed in various diseases.
  • The origins of breathing variability are hypothesized to stem from noise processing within the respiratory feedback control loop.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the hypothesis that breathing pattern variability arises from noise processing in the respiratory control loop.
  • To investigate how pathological alterations in the respiratory system affect breathing pattern variability.
  • To identify characteristic alterations in breathing pattern variability associated with specific disease-related changes.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a computational model of the respiratory control system.
  • Integration of mechanical factors, gas exchange processes, and chemoreceptor signals into the model.
  • Simulation of breathing patterns under conditions of random variability in system components.

Main Results:

  • Identified significant changes in the coefficient of variation (CV) of breathing amplitude and timing.
  • Found that increased lung resistance and impaired gas exchange most greatly influenced CV.
  • These factors are common in pulmonary diseases, suggesting a link between disease state and breathing variability.

Conclusions:

  • Breathing pattern variability may serve as a valuable physiological and diagnostic indicator.
  • The study supports the hypothesis that variability arises from deterministic processes within the respiratory control system.
  • Alterations in lung mechanics and gas exchange are key contributors to altered breathing pattern variability in disease.